Musika:
I haven't had a chance before now to respond to your posts to me from a while ago. But the theme I'd like to concentrate on is the same one as in my post immediately prior to this one.
You have made various claims about the soul, saying it is the "most intimate source of agency and identity" and that "the soul 'wears' bodies", that it "animates matter", and so on. But all this raises the following question for me: how do you know all this?
The short answer (which ended up a bit longer than I anticipated ...) is that it is a problem answered by self realization. Of course that sounds like an esoteric claim, and perhaps it is if you want to jump in on the top rungs of that position, but it is also framed by philosophy, world view etc, which tends to be the playing field for any ideas of self.
IOW ideas of self are very much connected to our ideas of the world, reality, purpose, etc ... so, regardless of who we are and what our views on self are, we kind of buy into an ontological "package deal" (as opposed to a piecemeal smorgasboard), which in turn give us a range of specific behaviours, goals etc. So our ideas of self are very much connected to our ideas of the world and vice versa and all of this is cemented and held together by our activities.
For instance, the task of getting a drug addict off drugs is not as simple as telling them it is bad or unhealthy or destructive. Infact they probably have greater realization of those things than a non addict (often they even romanticize it). If you want to talk about what a drug addict has to "know" in order to stop using, it is a complex answer of viewing the self in relation to the world. Part of it involves seeing the world and their own self as it "really is" (if we can agree that a life of addiction is an inferior standard of reality) and another involves seeing what clouds or complicates that vision of reality.
And its not a black and white position of knowledge. There are a whole spectrum of positions that reflect the intensity that they can or cannot hold such a view of the self/world, identifiable by (and to a large extent, controlled by) their behaviour.
So in the beginning, such knowledge can be driven by the mere idea that a certain self/world view is but a "good idea", but when behaviours also come around behind and support that, it changes from a mere idea to an actual position.
IOW it is not a position of knowledge that just requires philosophy or "new information", but rather words backed up by action.
To go back to the drug addict, they never "know" what the "real world" is for as long as they are unable to bring a certain standard of behaviour to the table.
In the same way, discerning the self as distinct from matter requires a bit of perserverence.
I don't understand where all this information about souls comes from. You might tell me that you read about souls in a religious text, but that merely pushes the question back a step, and I ask how the writer(s) of that text came to have that knowledge.
The general principle is that such a position of "knowledge" is actually the constitutional natural position of a living entity. IOW this dualistic position of a self in a body is a temporary imposition brought about by behaviour, desire, etc.
Its just like when a person reawakens from a coma. They don't "become" something, rather they "reclaim" something from an inferior position.
You agree that none of this stuff about souls is empirical knowledge. It isn't based on observation of souls, because souls are not detectable by empirical methods. So how do you know all this?
You take issue with the "reductionism" of physics, so I take it that your knowledge of the soul is based on some kind of "wholeistic" knowledge. But I'm still at a loss as to how you gained such knowledge. Understand that I don't mean you, specifically, but anybody.
I tried to answer all this above . Its kind of like the matrix (which, interestingly enough, drew on the upanisads for source material).
Through a superior imposition, a superior existence is rendered inferior.
If he decided to reject either the red pill or the blue pill and work things out for himself (aka the enpirical approach), how would that have worked out for him?
Similarly with statements like this:
How is this animating force of life perceived, if not through the medium of matter?
The irony of this existence is that something that is not matter (ie, life) has been relegated to the realm of matter.
Its just like our hapless matrix hero sifting through what is a computer simulation of life, trying to unplug himself from the reality of his comatose state hooked up to a machine (granted, Hollywood could make it happen, but hopefully you see the point)
If the soul animates the body, doesn't that imply a connection between the non-material soul and the material body? Clearly it does, and your explanation for how that connection "works" reduces, as far as I can tell, to "God makes it work".
Or "superior agency".
Due to a qualitative distinction between God and the living entity, God has a relationship with both spirit (life) and matter that the living entity doesn't. God controls these two things. The living entity is controlled
by them
From my point of view, you look like you're assuming that a non-material "spark" is needed to animate life. But I'm sure you don't regard it as an assumption - or else you regard it as a justified assumption (perhaps on the basis of "life comes from life" or something like that)? Is that right?
If you want to talk about "justified assumptions" you are talking about world views, behaviours ... the whole ontological package we have already "bought" in to, etc.
And then you posit and additional entity (God), that is separate from these animating souls, that is supposedly required in addition, in order to run the whole "soul" system. Which raises the obvious next question: how do you know that God exists?
This is where I'm getting stuck. Where does this knowledge - this certainty - you claim to have, about souls and God, come from? And how does it come?
It would be circular to claim that knowledge of God is given by the very God whose existence you're trying to establish in the first place, wouldn't it? You'd just be begging the question if you were to claim that God exists because he tells you he exists (through some other non-material, unspecified, mechanism). Wouldn't you?
It is not just simply a "telling" (descending) system of knowledge or the opposite, empirical (ascending). Technically it is a descending system with the added prerequisite of concomitant behaviours. This is distinct from empiricism, which has no such provision (you could be a paedophile murderer, a drunkard or a nobel peace award winner or all of the above, but provided you can hold the telescope around the right way, empiricism will deliver the goods).
If someone tells you that you will feel relief from hunger by eating, but you do not eat, you will not know it.
If you get offered the red pill in the matrix, but take the blue pill, you will not be part of triology.
You may think, "Hey, empiricism is better, I can do whatever the hell I want and get to the "objective truth", but that mode of investigation comes prepackaged with a glass ceiling.
Con't ....