That is, you say that there is "something" in the rocket, which remembers the background missiles.
This is "something" must to remember that the rocket had accelerations.
It is "something" to be expressed in the form of the physical parameter.
You will stubbornly refuse to call this physical parameter again too?
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Т.е., вы утверждаете, что в ракете присутствует "нечто", что помнит предысторию ракеты.
Это "нечто" помнит, что ракета ускорялась.
Это "нечто" должно быть выражено в виде физического параметра.
Вы будете упорно отказываеться назвать и этот параметр?
Masterov, in an earlier post I linked a paper,
Inertia as a zero-point-field Lorentz force.
I assume you were unable to access a translation.
This is probably not the best reference but it was the first one I came across in my own library.
The purpose in linking that paper, was that it presents a mechanism describing inertia, as emerging from the motion of a charged particle, which should apply equally to "objects", through the zero-point-fluctuations of the vacuum.
First, there has been no entirely successful, model or theory, developed yet...
In an attempt to put this in simplified terms; What is being suggested is that inertia consistent with the Lorentz force and Lorentz transformations, emerges from the interaction of an object as it moves through the virtual particles of the vacuum, ZPF.
In a sense it describes the physical mechanism you keep asking for.
It does not create any preferred frame of reference, because the ZPF is itself dynamic.., it changes proportionally to the proximity of mass and how much mass. In many ways one could think of the ZPF and space, as described within GR, as similarly dynamic.
For the purposes of this discussion, even where a planet is moving, if it does not change its motion, its interaction with the ZPF it moves through remains relatively constant, and clocks on the planet tick at a constant and uniform rate.
While for the traveling twin, the spaceship does change the way it moves through the "same" ZPF. It has a greater velocity relative to the ZPF, than the planet does and so it experiences greater inertial resistance and time dilation.
This is highly specualtive, but it would represent a more or less physical mechanism, that distinguishes the two twins relative motion from one another.