Docetism and other questions
MatticiousG
Points to consider ... I thank you, and shall endeavor to answer them.
I admit to not seeing it like that before, but it causes me to question why you don't apply the same rules to cris' argument. In other words why not just say that Cris' argument is fundamentally flawed because it rests on a priori that are matters of faith as well. Why not just say Cris' argument is flawed because it It gives as a priori that God exists, Jesus was God, and Jesus was resurected? Maybe I'm missing something here but it seems like a double standard.
At this point, I would have to ask you to demonstrate the matters of faith. On the one hand, I'm thinking of
Blonde Cupid's and my exchange over the finality of death. To the other, the
a priori of
Cris' argument--e.g. that God exists--isn't as relevant to the abstract considerations of what we're discussing. Have you ever, for instance, read a bad mystery novel in which the final exposition of the whodunit makes absolutely
no sense? (As a literary note, what I'm referring to, for example, is when the "frame-up" of the apparent guilty party is exposed and the reader realizes they were given no clues toward this conclusion; it is, literally, for the reader, out of thin air.) Does it matter whether or not we assume The Detective and The Victim and The Butler, as such, existed? Or can we look at what the story tells us and determine that it doesn't add up the way it's explained?
To even discuss Biblical measures, one must accept a certain degree of
a priori that God exists. What, for instance, is the point of discussing whether or not God lied in Genesis if we do not accept, for the sake of that argument, that God exists?
Thus, to phrase the question somewhat more harshly than it needs,
For all the theists complain of atheistic stubbornness, why is it that when an atheist enters the arena and works with what is before them, they are accused of holding a priori
views? Quite simply, in terms of the debate, they are respecting the existence of the
a priori.
So
if what
Loone put up is true as
Cris has summarized it, the situation creates the paradoxical result that
Cris has documented.
In acknowledging the existence of the
a priori, we are exploring whether or not they are valid.
The
a priori that God exists is vital to the present debate. In the case of Creationism, as I noted, to accept God
a priori is to end the debate. In the case of the present debate, to accept that Jesus is the Redeemer is to end the debate.
Similarly you keep making the assertion that I'm commiting the heresy of docetism when you fail to realize that
a: docetism is in fact part of a greater heresy that states Jesus cannot possibly be fully human and fully devine.
b: by making the assertion that Jesus' devine nature somehow impaired him from experiencing genuine suffering and death you and Cris are in essence rejecting the idea that Jesus could be fully human. If Jesus was fully human (which is the antithesis of docetism) it's logically required to accept that he could experience suffering and death the same way as any other human.
(a) You're going to have to show that. I'm looking through the Catholic Encyclopedia and it gives me nothing toward this larger heresy. Furthermore, the entry on
Son of Man sheds some light, as well ...
The early Fathers were of the opinion that the expression was used out of humility and to show Christ's human nature, and this is very probable considering the early rise of Docetism. This is also the opinion of Cornelius a Lapide. Others, such as Knabenbauer, think that He adopted a title which would not give umbrage to His enemies, and which, as time went on, was capable of being applied so as to cover His Messianic claims -- to include everything that had been foretold of the representative man, the second Adam, the suffering servant of Jehovah, the Messianic king.
(b) The point of raising Docetism as an issue is that I do not feel it proper to resolve questions of faith with heresies. Had, for instance, the heresy of Docetism been deemed not heretical, we might not be having this crucifixion debate today.
As to Jesus being fully human ... sure, I'll accept that and all its implications, but such a state does,in fact, cause some difficulties. Genesis, for instance--the best answer to who the "Us" referred to by God is that the Logos/Christos was already present. It also presemts the possibility that the Bible is just a legend woven around a revolutionary charismatic. Any number of demons of faith spring up. As I cruise through the Google search (via Newadvent.org) for "Docetism", I'm not seeing the docetism you describe in point (a). Particularly fun is the debate 'twixt Faustus and Augustine. Indeed, Faustus has the better position. Augustine, though having the sympathy of the Church and therefore the presenters, comes off as not being particularly coherent. For instance, when Faustus points out
We will, however, answer the question by examples taken from what you generally believe.
... and ...
But you believe whatever you please; and for the rest, you appeal to nature.
Augustine's best response is:
As to Enoch and Elias and Moses, our belief is determined not by Faustus' suppositions, but by the declarations of Scripture, resting as they do on foundations of the strongest and surest evidence. People in error, as you are, are unfit to decide what is natural, and what contrary to nature.
But Augustine's logical anemia aside, I'm not seeing any formal reference to your definition of docetism. However, I am seeing justification for your definition in a host or irresponsible theology.
Therefore could I not dismiss Cris' arguments on the basis that it tries to use Christian beliefs as it's grounds but does not provide accurate Christian beliefs for those grounds.
No, you cannot. The basis of Christian belief
Cris has presented comes from a Christian (e.g.
Loone). If the Christian beliefs
Cris has presented are inaccurate, take it up with
Sir Loone. (I wouldn't bother, though ... most of us don't.)
What, then, constitutes an accurate portrayal of Christian belief? Anything that resolves an issue the way a particular Christian wants it?
For despite
Loone's tendency to be incoherent, the presented theological consideration that
Cris has extrapolated is quite familiar to me. This kind of theology is quite common, though often more coherent.
(essentially, if I am to accept his argument that the crucifixion is meaningless I must first accept the docetism heresy.)
I intentionally omitted this parenthetic note from my prior citation of your post because I had to ask:
Huh? Actually, it's not that bad, but just that I've got three ways of reading it that require different responses. I cannot, unfortunately, figure out quite what you mean with this note.
How is that different from Me making the argument that God is real because the material world is an illusion?
I have a feeling that this question will be a little more clear when I understand the prior parenthetic note better. However, in general, we might start with the notion that
with God all things are possible. This is not entirely true, of course; God cannot, by Catholic definition, be paradoxical in this way. Consider Augustine (I think it was) and the stone too heavy to lift. The Catholic Encyclopedia, somewhere, lists the notion of the
square circle, and that is what I would like to point out.
That God cannot make a
square circle is because the words describe two disparate, representative states. We might agree on an intricate polygon, but the fact is that that shape has its own definitive description of its state.
Real, among other things, means things that are verifiable.
Illusion, among other things, means that the perception is incorrect, and therefore the object is not verified but only implied and accepted.
The illusory nature of the real world is a philosophical resolution arising from questions of identity and self.
What is real can be verified. God cannot be verified. To say that God is real because the Real World is illusory is merely a philosophical attempt to circumvent the fact that God cannot be objectively observed. I'm sure the point we're after here is actually something else, but I'm having a hard time stringing those parts together from your post right now.
Furthermore Cris' insistence on permanence being the only way to prove a sacrifice occurred:
For the next little bit ... I do think you're way off-track. Hopefully, I can demonstrate:
• One of the things the dictionary definitions break is the notion that God sacrificed anything. I don't really see that. I see something in there that's close ... to give up something of value.
• While you have a point that a sacrifice can involve other things, I must reiterate a question:
What degree of sacrifice are we discussing? Is Jesus merely a goat or a dove to be burned at the altar by the high priest? Is Jesus the
santeria chicken? Or the sacrifice of incense and bottlecaps? It's just that, while you have a point about the diversity of sacrifices, part of the point, isn't it, is that Jesus made an Ultimate Sacrifice? If Jesus had atoned for the world by killing a goat and sending into the desert, sure, we could still say that he sacrificed for us.
• If I have a business plan that calls for spending thirty million dollars in order to make one-hundred million dollars, have I "sacrificed" that thirty million dollars?
(Don't worry about being pressed for time ... we can always get back to it later.)
1. Catholic beliefs come from two places: The Bible which is sometimes called "the word of God in the words of men" and tradition which essentially amounts to all the teachings of the Catholic church and is used as the basis for interpreting the Bible as well as covering some issues not quite found in the Bible (explicitly).
2. I would say they do. But I don't think that's the kind of answer you were looking for. I'll get back to it when I have more time.
3. Well, honestly I'd say they're both too inextricably combined to warrant a question like that.
4. Same as above.
5. No I drive 80 because I find that 60 is too slow for me.
6. I meant neccessarily true in the sense that if a logical argument does not neccessarily lead to it's conclusion it is considered invalid.
(1) Exactly. For instance, Athanasius, who, in a political settlement at Nicaea under Constantine in 325 EV, managed to install the ideas that A) Jesus could
not be human, otherwise he could not save us, and B) God created the Universe
ex nihilo (which, while the concept existed, was essential to Athanasius' argument against Arius. On that note, I only wish Arius and Marcion could have squared off ... after factionalization, we would have had the Arians versus the Marcians.
)
(2) Accepted, as such. Truly, take the time you need. That, at present, I have all day to write huge and frequent posts is a luxury I enjoy. But I well know that others don't always have that luxury. We'll get to it when it becomes absolutely essential (e.g. the debate cannot progress without its discussion), or when we get the chance.
(3) Fair enough; it is an awfully broad question. In that sense, I suppose I should mention that these can be taken rhetorically if you prefer.
(4) We know that individual Christians have some pretty funny notions from time to time, and even some tragic ones. But what happens when those become institutional? I think this has happened a good deal in history; in this case, I can hold up the whole of Protestantism as an example, and you can take that in whichever context you like
(5) Exactly. And many Christians transgress the Bible because it is unappealing to be that devoted. As with the prior consideration; what happens when those notions become institutional?
Sola Scriptura Christianity does not have the excuse of being extra-biblical. Catholcism does. But when lawbreaking is institutional, such as McKinley pointed out in the gay Jesus article? Is Catholocism immune to such errors? I don't think its history would describe it as immune.
(6) In science, where we do not have a dualist proscription, sure, if the conclusion is not necessarily true then it is at least partially false. Consider, please:
Either Christ suffered genuinely as a human being or he did not. This is what seems to be on the table; it seems quite dualistic. Thus, once you have proven that the statement that the crucifixion is not necessarily a fraud, you will also leave open the possibility that the crucifixion is not necessarily genuine, thus nullifying the truth of the resurection according to the principle you've proposed in its defesne. And then we're back to square one.
But to sum up a couple of larger points affecting the debate:
• Double standard: I'm having trouble putting it politely, but that's not an issue I have with you ... it's just my general disposition--Christians often complain of double-standards, and while in the most basic nature of many issues there does appear to be the double-standard, it is often because Christians oblige themselves to it. Creationists accuse a double-standard when we assume there is no God; it's not a lack of evidence in the observations, but a lack of anything to observe. Blonde Cupid and the finality of death: people have tried and failed to scientifically show life after death. While it's true that a lack of evidence does not equal evidence, what makes the Bible's afterlife any more legitimate than that of, say, Brust's "Deathgate Falls" and "Halls of Judgement" (note: the point is that those latter are fictional places). A lack of evidence toward their falsehood does not make them true. There are other double-standards of conduct we've discussed at Sciforums before, but its best to leave those aside. The larger point is that quite often, when Christians lament a double-standard, it is because they have imposed it on themselves.
• Docetism: Please, when you get a chance, provide a reference on your definition of Docetism. I've never heard it until you offered it.
• Degree of sacrifice: I don't understand why Christians, in an effort to make a point about the nature of sacrifice, wish to open up the possibility of diminishing the degree of sacrifice. After all, isn't that diminishing what is at issue here?
• Perspective: This is key. For instance, I've spent enough time, untrained, counseling psychological trauma that it drives me batty. As a reference point, I won't train for crisis counseling because what instruction I've had is so demonstrably contrary to practical experience that I usually lose my temper and just wing it on my own. This is not to puff my chest, though. It's to make a point: there are certain aspects of what we (as counselor and counseled) went through on which I am perfectly clear, and perfectly correct. But there are a number of aspects of what we went through which I cannot understand. I am not a woman who spent childhood being raped, for instance; I cannot know what that feels like. That both God and Jesus knew that everything would be okay in the end does negate the sense of a sacrifice, or at least a certain degree of sacrifice, except for the formal, priestly sort. What sacrifice? Everything is okay in the end; the world is as corrupt as it was before, Jesus is home with Dad and unblemished .... No human being gets that. For humans, it's Pascal's wager; believe in God, because if you're wrong, you'll be dead and unable to regret it. For Jesus, though, as the Bible tells it ... he knew what was going on. It was part of the plan since creation.
I think if we bear these ideas in mind, we might at least come to some middle ground on our perception of the issue. So many of the details we're discussing revolve around them; in our personal discussion in this topic, and in the general topic as well, these points do seem to come up.
thanx much,
Tiassa