Borderlines are in an extreme amount of distress all the time...when they stop being in extreme distress they start empathizing.
borderlines, bipolars and schizophrenics can still empathize with others even when they are in distress. it's just that their distress is taking a toil on them. empathy is really not the issue here or that related either.
A sociopath just won't empathize-they are a universe of one...although there's a matter of degree. some empathize with their friends and family, but are completely ruthless with outsiders.
that depends on the sociopath. some empathize with friends and family and outsiders doesn't necessarily mean just people they don't know. they feel people out just like anybody else and decide who is friend or foe or prey. they just are unethical assholes about it.
having lived with sociopaths, you learn quite a lot. sociopaths tend to befriend other sociopaths. not surprising as of course they would associate with or see as equals those like them and with the same values. contrary to popular opinion, sociopaths do have friends and those they identify with. these people can rape you one minute and act like nothing happened like it was a sunday walk in the park with their friends. they can do something horrendously brutal and act calm the next or act like nothing happened in front of others. in their mind nothing really did as they aren't hurting so why would they show signs of guilt that would tip anyone off. they are not repulsed by their actions no matter how vile it is and can be exceedingly depraved. this is because they pour all that onto their victim. sociopaths don't take personal responsibility. the ugliness in themselves is projected onto their victim. the worst and most heinous scenario is when one is trying to pour their depravity onto someone more innocent. they 'purge' themselves onto their victim rather than fixing themselves or changing. if they did that, then they wouldn't be taking advantage of others which they don't want to stop doing. it's like a dirty secret of getting without earning or a perk. they take the easiest and degenerate route which is ruining others to lift themselves up or using others. this is how they get their satisfaction. they are a lot like parasites in a way as they will use and abuse their victim no holds barred. that's how sociopaths are. they will also treat their victim like they have nothing to be upset about. sociopaths show no signs of "guilt", this is also how they are undetected. good people can't fathom how one could commit such horrendous acts without showing signs of monstrosity in public or some sort of guilt to detect them. society tends to weigh in on the victim, rather than the perpetrator because the victim is going to be showing more signs of distress, lower self-esteem and the negative effects as well as injure them more. they see the victim as guilty which is atrocious. fucked up but true. society is cruel.
from observing the ones that i've lived with and also their 'associates' i know a lot about this damn subject. unfortunately but maybe it will help others or shed light on it some.
Ethics ...well, I guess at least my version of it, comes from empathizing with others. Basically if you empathize with others, you tend not to run around hurting them.
Obviously more complicated than that, but that's the basis of ethics in my view-I don't want to cause suffering....so....
yes and no. remember that even sociopaths can empathize, it's just that's the problem. they ONLY empathize with those they care about and not with those they don't. they only empathize with those they care about because it stems from narcissism. but empathy is really not the major problem as one doesn't need a lot of empathy to behave ethically in general. you don't have to have an outpouring of empathy every moment of the day. sociopaths do things intentionally, not just out of an occasional lack of empathy or insensitivity or oversight. they override empathy and their victim's boundaries to dehumanize while demanding their own boundaries be respected. empathy or lack of it has got nothing to do with it for them when they are hurting someone.
empathy is part of ethics but in general ethics is a sense of humanity or an admittance that others do have rights just as yourself and respect for others, even those who you don't know or care for personally.
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