Every time I examine what is going on inside me I feel a change in my brain and neck and spine. For example, I examine the fear of embarassment, the fear of being put down, the fear of certain family members who consider themselves my authority, the fear of fictional beings created by the mind, and the mother of all fears... death. I also examine sorrows, the sorrow of not meeting my expectations in something for example, all these feelings are trivial and petty in the grand scheme of the massive universe. As you can see in the link in the OP, the first question "how do I learn and discover the essence of who I am?" is a deep question who's answer can bring any average Joe to enlightenment.
But they are not trivial to you.
Enlightenment is what you make of it. Enlightenment can be permanent, and it can be temporary.
I personally believe myself to have obtained some amount of enlightenment. The reason is because I have accepted myself for who I am and the universe for what it is.
I've actually created a model of the universe (mental model, not like an actual mathmatical solution or pseudo crap) that works very well for me. The universe is a fascinating place, my model doesn't explain it, it merely exists.
The model I created for myself, its not the answer to the universe, nor is it a question. It merely exists.
I figure I am somewhat enlightened because I can gaze at the universe around me without making ripples and waves in it. I see it for what it is.
Here's a piece of wisdom from someone that has thus far reconciled that one question for himself.
Your nothing, get over it. Stop, and look at the world around you, that is something.
That's not the answer, that's not a question, it is simply there. Use it or trash it, I don't really care either way.
But you should know that the origin of enlightenment comes from Buddhism, it is stated that in truth there is no suffering and no enlightenment.
If you want enlightenment, your gonna need to recognize your 'illusion'.