There have been a lot of Off-Topic Posts to this Thread.
There have also been some descriptions which made the issue more complex than necessary. There have also been some misleading concepts.
Saying that time is a dimension implies that it is equivalent to distance, which it is not. It is like saying that Longitude is a dimension when using Spherical or Polar coordinates.
In post 19, I paraphrased the view expressed by Einstein, which seems to be simple, sufficient, & accurate. It is repeated here.
When an individual ponders his experiences, he can order the events in his life using the criteria of before and after. He can assign a number to each event in such a way that events assigned a lower number occurred before events assigned a higher number.
It is convenient to use a device called a clock to provide a consistent set of numbers for use in ordering events.
In describing the laws of physics using the language of mathematics, it is convenient (if not necessary) to use a continuous variable called time. This variable similarly orders events based on the criteria of before and after.
There is little (if anything) more that can be said relating to time.
The above is not a quote: It is a paraphrase based on my not infallible memory. I Think it is from the preface to one of his books or essays on Relativity. I have read several articles containing very lengthy & confusing verbiage which did not seem to describe the concept of time any better than the above.
I think the above provides an excellent definition of the concept. Does anyone here think that the above is incorrect or incomplete? If so, what is incorrect and/or what is missing?
It is interesting that Albert used bold or italics for before & after, implying that they should be considered primitive terms, not definable via the use of simpler terms or concepts.
Note that an axiomatic system requires undefined primitive terms to avoid various problems associated with circular definitions.
It is interesting that Albert did not mention the concept of the flow of time from past through the present into the future, which does seem to be a construct (illusion?) of the human mind rather than an objective process associated with reality.