SUPERNOVA FROM EXPERIMENTATION AT FERMILAB, CERN, BROOKHAVE AND LOS ALAMOS
Please note the empirical observation of a large Supernova. The empirical observation of these energetics may indicate the formation of a rent or tear in the potential barrier towards de Sitter space. Quasar formation would then
entail the create of a larger perforation towards de Sittter space as well as a perforation with longer duration. The question we might ask in this connection would it be advantageous to us as individuals and as a species to form such a transtion at one of our centers for highest-energy physics experimentation? In this way, under this postulation, we would form a Type Ia Supernova.
Please note the recent observation.
All Best Wishes,
Yours sincerely,
Paul W. Dixon, Ph.D.
Supernova from Experimentation
“King” of star explosions seen, Supernova SN 2006gy
May 7, 2007
Courtesy NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
and World Science staff
Astronomers have detected the brightest stellar explosion, or supernova, on record, and say it may be a new type of supernova. The findings come from observations by NASA’s Chandra X ray Observatory and ground-based optical telescopes. This discovery indicates that violent explosions of extremely massive stars were fairly common in the early cosmos—and that a similar explosion may be ready to go off in our own galaxy, scientists said. “This was a truly monstrous explosion, a hundred times more energetic than a typical supernova,” said Nathan Smith of the University of California at Berkeley, who led a team of astronomers from California and the University of Texas in Austin. “That means the star that exploded might have been as massive as a star can get, about 150 times [the weight] of our sun. We’ve never seen that before.” Astronomers think many of the first generation of stars were this massive, and this new supernova may thus provide a rare glimpse of how the first stars died. It’s unprecedented, though, to find such a massive star and witness its death, they said. The supernova, known as SN 2006gy, provides evidence that the death of such massive stars is funda mentally different from theoretical predictions, researchers claimed. “Of all exploding stars ever observed, this was the king,” said Alex Filippenko, leader of the ground-based observations at the Lick Observatory at Mt. Hamilton, Calif., and the Keck Observatory in Mauna Kea, Hawaii. “We were astonished to see how bright it got, and how long it lasted.” The Chandra observation allowed the team to rule out the most likely alternative explanation for the supernova, the astronomers said: that a white dwarf star only slightly heavier than the sun exploded into a dense, hydrogen-rich environment. In that event, SN 2006gy should have been 1,000 times brighter in X-ray light than what Chandra detected, they said. “This provides strong evidence that SN 2006gy was, in fact, the death of an extremely massive star,” said Dave Pooley of the University of California at Berkeley, who led the Chandra observations. The star that produced SN 2006gy apparently blew off a large amount of mass before exploding, astronomers said. This large mass loss is similar to that seen from Eta Carinae, a massive star in our galaxy, raising suspicion that Eta Carinae may be poised to explode as a supernova. Although SN 2006gy is intrinsically the brightest supernova ever, it is in the galaxy NGC 1260, some 240 million light years away. However, Eta Carinae is only about 7,500 light years away in our own Milky Way galaxy. “We don’t know for sure if Eta Carinae will explode soon, but we had better keep a close eye on it just in case,” said Mario Livio of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, who was not involved in the research. “Eta Carinae’s explosion could be the best star-show in the history of modern civilization.” Supernovas usually occur when massive stars exhaust their fuel and collapse under their own gravity. In the case of SN 2006gy, astronomers think that a very different effect may have triggered the explosion. Under some conditions, the core of a massive star produces so much radiation in the form of gamma rays that some of the energy from the radiation converts into matter, forming pairs of particles and mirror-image-like anti-particles. This leads to a drop in energy that causes the star to collapse under its own mighty gravity. After this violent collapse, runaway thermonuclear reactions ensue and the star explodes, spewing the remains into space. The SN 2006gy data suggest that it may have been more common than previously believed for the first stars to die in spectacular supernovas, rather than completely collapsing to a black holes as theorized, according to the team. “In terms of the effect on the early universe, there’s a huge difference between these two possibilities,” said Smith. “One pollutes the galaxy with large quantities of newly made elements and the other locks them up forever in a black hole.” The results from Smith and his colleagues are to appear in the research publication Astro physical Journal.
