Dr Lou-
I do not appreciate your "speculations"
Human beings are, at the very least, a certain specific kind of organism. We have bodies, which are composed of an assortment of different parts that generally function in unison, and we have brains and a nervous system, which appear to be responsible for producing and reproducing much of our spontaneous bodily behavior, and which appear to be the seat of thought, emotion, sensation, and action.
What kind of strange entity is a person if human beings can be both animals and persons, and if persons are "something more" than simply animals or kinds of animals? That we can know about persons, and know that we are persons, some believe is a result of our capacity for introspection. There is, it would seem, a way that I have of knowing about myself from the inside, and thus a way of experiencing myself — my thoughts and my sensations — which is not available to anyone else who can observe me only from the outside. There is something that it is like to be me, to which I alone have access, and I know that I am a person because I experience myself as a person: I am aware of myself and of my environment, I have sensations, beliefs, hopes, desires, and fears, and I am capable of reflecting upon all of this
If thinking is something done by brains, and brains are just physical things composed of tiny cells which process information, then why couldn’t a computer, which is a physical thing composed of tiny microchips which process information, be able to think? If thinking does not require a soul (since non-human animals certainly do appear to think), might some non-human animals still qualify as persons even if we do have souls and they don’t? Since we do not hold other animals accountable for their actions in the same way we do humans, do you dare to say they have morality?? In that they have the same capacity to understand the meaning of actions and how they relate to others.
The one defining human characteristic may be our awareness of our mortality. The automatically triggered, "fight or flight", battle for survival is common to all living things (and to appropriately programmed machines). Not so the catalytic effects of imminent death. These are uniquely human. The appreciation of the fleeting translates into aesthetics, the uniqueness of our ephemeral life breeds morality, and the scarcity of time gives rise to ambition and creativity.
In an infinite life, everything materializes at one time or another, so the concept of choice is spurious. The realization of our finiteness forces us to choose among alternatives. This act of selection is predicated upon the existence of "free will". Animals and machines are thought to be devoid of choice, slaves to their genetic or human programming.
Introspection - the ability to construct self-referential and recursive models of the world - is supposed to be a uniquely human quality. What about introspective machines? Surely,such machines are PROGRAMMED to introspect, as opposed to humans. To qualify as introspection, it must be WILLED.
Do we still have a problem gentlemen?