cato said:
you didn't answer my question. I want to know by what criteria you judge something to be truth/real. your religion for example.
I thought we had done this in another thread... maybe not. This is a fundemental philosophical issue, and one on which there are many different views. This is mine:
Immediate and direct experience is the most true/real - i.e. You know that the sky looks blue, you are experiencing a pain, you feel angry, or you are seeing a mirage of a fridge full of beer. The experience in each case is real and undeniable.
What you make of the experience depends on how you interpret it and the value you give it. Perhaps you decide the beer is 'imaginary', so there's no point trying to drink it. Maybe your anger is judged as unjustified, or dangerous to express, so you repress it. This step involves interpretation of the immediate experience. We bring all our personal and cultural baggage to the task, and our pre-existing perspective, and selection of facts colours the conclusions we draw.
Science attempts to eliminate this baggage, by seeing things from the 'objective' absolute viewpoint of an uninvolved observer. This works well for establishing some objective 'facts' on which a consensus can be reached. However even here, because of the difficulties of reaching a consensus on evidence and method, researchers often come up with contradictory results e.g. correlations between HRT and breast cancer in women. For investigating many subjective experiences e.g. cultural norms, ethical values, art, philosophy, religion etc. science is an inadequate tool, as very little consensus can ever be reached over objective criteria of valdity or the selection of evidence.
So, religious truth works slightly differently. I think we've done the "direct experience of God" before. I can observe from the outside what effect such an experience has on someone, consider what interpretation I place on it and try to understand it both within their worldview, and also from mine.
Not every theist experiences God directly however, and for most theists, their religion is based on 'faith'. This is most like trusting a person. You leave your car with a mechanic, in good faith that he will fix it and not trash it. So, for instance I can read "Come to me all you who are heavy laden and I will give you rest" in the Bible, and then (as a theist) try it. I will mentally hand over my concerns, trusting that they will be looked after and then observe what happens. And yes, I find I do attain peace of mind, and in most cases also either a new perspective on a problem, the ability to deal with it or a spontaneous resolution. This is not objective evidence, but it is valid subjective evidence that it seems to work (is true/real). I can also check with other theists if they experience the same. So I continue to trust in it some more, and explore a bit further. That is the nature of 'faith' - you have to take the leap of trust, and then you can collect the evidence. This is something you can only do as an individual, and each individual must discover it afresh for themselves. This makes it very different to science where evidence is 'public property'. Confusion between these two leads to much misunderstanding.