One to think on... until one educates oneself, at least.
The moon is tidally locked and is rotating on its axis.
- It is tidally locked because there is no net change in its rate of rotation each orbit around the Earth.
- It is rotating about its axis because from the point of view of that axis, it rotates about it (sort of the definition).
It is of course a logical conclusion, deducted from the observed facts. And once you know the facts (that the earth is rotating about the sun), it can also be observed, and is observed every time you look at the moon.
Bear in mind that everything depends on the frame of reference for the axis. When one talks about something rotating about its axis, the frame of reference needs to be inertial with respect to that axis - or it is meaningless. So when you spin on your axis, you do so with reference to a wall, etc, or the compass directions. Our compass settings on Earth are with reference to the north pole, etc - we don't rotate with reference to that frame. But that is because on the earth we are only really concerned with our position relative to other places on earth. When the earth rotates about its axis, however, it does so with reference to a similarly inertial frame for that axis (e.g. the sun).
So once you understand the frame of reference obviously being referred to, it should be quite clear.
Yes, the bucket rotates on its axis. It's not rocket science, just an understanding of what it means for something to be rotating about its axis.
Let's say the bottom end of the bucket initially points north. Later in the motion it will point east, then south, then west, then north again. It is therefore rotating reference to an inertial frame.
As an exercise, put an object on your desk. Then, with your finger pointing down on the desk, describe a circle around the object, with your finger-nail always pointing in the same direction (e.g. use a certain wall as your inertial frame in this example). Your finger, as you will notice, is not rotating around its axis (the line that goes down the length of your finger).
Now, do the same but try to keep your finger-nail always pointing toward the object it is moving around. Hopefully, even before you get too far, you will see that it becomes awkward, because you are having to rotate your finger about its axis. And to complete an object you would probably have to climb onto the desk or become a serious contortionist.
If the moon is rotating around the earth, and is tidally locked and always showing the same face to the Earth, do you now see that the moon is definitely rotating about its axis?
Technically the bucket is not "orbiting" as in physics the term
orbit is reserved for gravitational trajectories.
And yes, the bucket really is rotating on its axis (w.r.t. an inertial frame such as the ground, or a distant building): it starts pointing, say, north, then moves to pointing east, then south, then west, etc. i.e. rotation. The fact that it is caused to do so by the forces exerted upon it by the wire is neither here nor there in terms of whether the bucket can be said to be rotating or not.
That would actually depend on the type of satellite, and whether it is always pointing in the same direction relative to the earth or not. Geostationary satellites (almost) always point toward the earth and so
do rotate about their axis in completing an orbit of the earth. Some satellites are designed to always point at the same distant star (i.e. not the sun) and thus will not rotate about their axis as they orbit the earth, or as the earth orbits the sun. But they may well rotate about their axis as the sun rotates about the galactic centre, depending on where the object is located, and what reference frame is taken etc.
It's not. It's exactly the same as a satellite that is always pointing toward the earth.
No, not all. It depends on what they are tasked with.
I suggest you do, because reading the exchange between you and paddoboy is (unintentionally, I presume) quite humourous... the blind leading the blind.
Whether the earth is said to be rotating about its axis or not is nothing to do with orbiting the sun, but with the axis being relative to an inertial frame of reference, e.g. the sun. If you ignore the Earth's orbit around the sun, the erath is rotating about its axis (relative to an inertial frame such as the sun). This gives us our day/night cycle, and why you can see the day/night transition move around the earth. Surely you were taught this almost as soon as you could read and write?
We also happen to be rotating about the sun, but that is neither here nor there with regard the earth's rotation about its axis. The rotation about the sun gives us our seasons, due to the inclination of our axis to the ecliptic.
Maybe in ancient days of ignorance we thought the universe rotated around the earth, and that the only true inertial reference point was indeed the Earth itself. And if treated as its own inertial frame, of course it doesn't rotate with respect to itself.
Seriously, open up Wiki, have a read on this. It's not rocket science. It doesn't take
boffins to work this through.
But none of this has anything to do with CoVid-19