Kittamaru, I don't know the answer to this. There are even similarities between Sumerian and Chinese writing. I’m not too keen on the history of writing. Fraggle may know.
Both began as pictographs. Pictographs are symbols representing specific objects, conditions, instructions, etc., such as our stylized male and female figures meaning "use this restroom if you look like this" and our arrow with a slash meaing "no left turn." Actually my examples are really ideograms, which typically evolve from pictographs to represent more complex subjects.
A pictograph or an ideogram can usually be correctly read by anyone who is a member of the same or similar
culture, regardless of which
language they speak. Thus an American, an Egyptian and a Korean can all read the symbol for "airport," despite speaking unrelated languages, whereas a hunter-gatherer in the Amazon basin cannot.
Unfortunately the Sumerian system died out so it has no modern descendants to analyze. It was replaced by the Phoenician
abjad (a phonetic "alphabet" with only consonants, ideal for the Afroasiatic language family in which vowels are not phonemic) whose origin is murky.
However, the Chinese system of pictographs-->ideograms stayed in use. Ultimately they became
logograms, a writing system in which each symbol represents one
word. Chinese is a highly
synthetic language in which 5,000 words are combined into a vocabulary of hundreds of thousands of compounds, so 5,000 symbols is all the average college graduate needs to be able to read and write.
But back to the question, since pictographs are, indeed
pictures, it's not surprising that two cultures who have never made contact would nonetheless develop similar pictures for the same referents.
Almost all phonetic alphabets are descended from Phoenician--which is probably an evolution of Egyptian logograms (which we usually call "hieroglyphics") since the letters are named after animals and things whose words begin with that letter. (In Hebrew,
beth means house and
gimel means "camel.") Korean is the only exception I can cite; when they decided to dump Chinese logograms (just a few centuries ago) they assigned their own scholars to develop a phonetic alphabet. You can spot Korean in a second, since the letters are squashed in various directions to fit into a square spiral instead of a straight line.
Syllabaries (in which each symbol represents an entire syllable) tend to be unique inventions of each culture that uses them. Japanese
kana has no similarity to the Cherokee syllabary invented by Chief Sequoia--which for several decades made the Cherokee literacy rate higher than that of their Euro-American neighbors.
Abugidas (in which each symbol represents a consonant followed by a vowel) are common in the languages of India and some of them are shared by more than one language.
This theory notes that unlike the Sumerian-Egyptian and Phoenician-Greek situations, the distance does make any influence seem unlikely. The author thinks that a more reasonable explanation is that two peoples independently thought up somewhat similar solutions to somewhat similar problems.
As I noted, the first writing systems are typically pictographs. Two cultures on the same planet with the same level of technology are likely to represent the same objects the in same way.
The so-called "hieroglyphics" of the Maya are a mixture of logograms with a syllabary, like Japanese writing.
Why would religion be any different?
Jung tells us that the same legends, images and rituals develop in virtually every society in virtually every era. He calls these
archetypes and the geneticists who came after him explain that they are hard-wired into our brains by our DNA, perhaps the result of genetic drift or a genetic bottleneck--of which our species has undergone at least two. Most
instincts can easily be explained as survival traits, such as predators not eating the brightly-colored poison-dart tree frogs, because they are poisonous and that signal helps both predator and prey survive. Perhaps there was an event in our distant past that favored the survival of humans who believed in the supernatural.
*shrugs* Couldn't tell ya Trooper
I mean, it could lean a few ways. If the Tower of Babel story is to be believed, among other religious stories, we had a much longer period of time of common ancestry than evolution would suggest. . . .
Huh? I'm not sure who you mean by "we," but all non-African humans are descended from the San, a tribe that still lives in Africa, some of whose more adventurous adventurers migrated to Asia 50KYA.
[I oversimplified. The Native Australians are descended from a troupe who made their migration 10KY earlier, but they were members of the same tribe, apparently an adventurous bunch. ]
I know you're a real scientist, so you surely know that our species is very roughly 150KY old, giving the outer limit of our "common ancestry." In addition there was a population collapse around 70KYA (disease? drought? angry gorillas who didn't appreciate the competition?) in which the gene pool was greatly reduced.
. . . . likewise, it's possible that, as a species, we just continued to evolve along the same path even though we were in different areas.
Actually we have done just that. Our species has remarkably little genetic diversity--very likely from that population crisis, 10KY before the first cohort of us managed to establish a new colony in Australia, vastly improving our odds of survival. Especially since the largest predator there was the thylacine, a marsupial about the size of a mastiff.
Like I said, none of Sciforums' moderators are willing to utter any criticism of Tiassa.
We all have to promise not to do that before we're appointed. Seriously, the moderators get into heated arguments all the time. But we have our own super-secret Moderators' Subforum so you only see us when we're holding hands and singing "Kumbaya."
I don't recall ever insulting theists or "religionists" on Sciforums.
No one would ever say that about me. I coined the phrase "Religious Redneck Retard Revival" for the horrifying resurgence of religion in the USA at the end of the era of Love, Peace and Acid Rock around 1980.
Nonetheless I restrict this attitude to SciForums, because this is a place of science and I have absolutely no patience with people who try to muddle up the science with superstition (at best) and utter lunacy (at worst). The religionists out in the real world seldom bother me enough to make me angry, and I maintain this equilibrium by staying as far away as possible from the Bible Belt and the Middle East.
Well, Tiassa did "call out" every one of us, with no concern for (or interest in) what our thinking is or what our behavior had actually been. Grouping all of us together in one 'atheist' bundle was his idea. It's obvious that in his mind, at least at the time he wrote this thread's first post, 'atheist' was little more than a caricature.
Indeed. I've raised a few eyebrows by saying such things as "I love Jesus, and it doesn't matter if he's not real. Kermit the Frog is not real either, but he gives good advice and I love him too."
What you and he don't seem to realize is that's precisely how some of the louder and more aggressive atheists think. They believe that they are fully justified in leveling righteous criticisms at the worst abuses of 'religion' and 'religionists'. So God help somebody if they are identified as a 'religionist', they are gonna eat double-ought buckshot at point blank range. Real-life people inadvertantly find themselves standing in for a stereotype and find themselves on the receiving end of all the anger associated with it.
Well there are lots of us who treat religious people kindly, if only because they outnumber us in double-digits and it doesn't make sense to court their wrath--but also because the vast majority of them really don't bring their religion into real life except in the most hygienically filtered manner, such as believing in "turning the other cheek" or "doing unto others as you would have others do unto you"--mottos which I happily also endorse.
I'm not insulted by it. I'm just pointing out the inconsistency in Tiassa reducing atheists to caricatures because some atheists treat "religionists" as caricatures. If it's wrong when atheists do it, then how can it not be wrong when Tiassa does it? If it's not wrong when Tiassa does it, how can it be wrong when an atheist does it?
So continue to harangue Tiassa. It ain't gonna bother me none. The dude can stand up for himself and doesn't need my help. He doesn't even need help with his writing, which is the excuse I usually invoke for criticizing most people.
However I don't think the 'fix' is to beat theists until they are black and blue and bleeding on the floor.
Not when they outnumber us so greatly. And especially in a country where a much higher percentage of them own guns than we do.
My first thought was that we should be able to put mods on ignore.
You might miss an important notice. But you're welcome to PM us, since the rule applies both ways: we can't put you on Ignore either.
I was a Dam near feral child an i believed in God.!!!
So that explains your spelling and punctuation. Seriously, I hope you understand that when people read, we capture each word as a unit, rather than identifying the individual letters. When you misspell a word we have to stop and puzzle it out. An entire post written like that takes ten times as long to read as one that is written properly. Eventually many people just get tired of expending the effort--or simply don't have enough time for it--and they start skipping your posts.
A word to the wise.
This is why it's so much harder to read a foreign language, even one you've studied for years and speak like a native. Your brain has never built the neural pathway to read the words the fast way that you use for your native language. I've tried reading a few articles in the Spanish version of Wikipedia that happen to be more complete than the English versions. But I gave up because it took too long.
This is exactly what it's like reading one of your posts!