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M*W: There are some 155 articles published in PubMed describing mental illness (predominantly schizophrenia) based on religious beliefs. Here are a few:
The relationship between schizophrenia and religion and its implications for care. Mohr S, Huguelet P.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2004 Jun 26;134(25-26):369-76.
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Département de Psychiatrie, Genève.
This paper focuses on the relationships between schizophrenia and religion, on the basis of a review of literature and the data of an ongoing study about religiousness and spiritual coping conducted among outpatients with chronic schizophrenia. Religion (including both spirituality and religiousness) is salient in the lives of many people suffering from schizophrenia. However, psychiatric research rarely addresses religious issues. Religious beliefs and religious delusions lie on a continuum and vary across cultures. In Switzerland for example, the belief in demons as the cause of mental health problems is a common phenomenon in Christians with high saliency of religiousness. Religion has an impact, not always positive, on the comorbidity of substance abuse and suicidal attempts in schizophrenia. In many patients' life stories, religion plays a central role in the processes of reconstructing a sense of self and recovery. However religion may become part of the problem as well as part of the recovery. Some patients are helped by their faith community, uplifted by spiritual activities, comforted and strengthened by their beliefs. Other patients are rejected by their faith community, burdened by spiritual activities, disappointed and demoralized by their beliefs. Religion is relevant for the treatment of people with schizophrenia in that it may help to reduce pathology, to enhance coping and to foster recovery. In the treatment of these patients, it appears useful to tolerate diversity, to respect others beliefs, to ban proselytism and to have a good knowledge of one's own spiritual identity.
PMID: 15340880 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Spirituality and religious practices among outpatients with schizophrenia and their clinicians. Huguelet P, Mohr S, Borras L, Gillieron C, Brandt PY. Psychiatr Serv. 2006 Mar;57(3):366-72.
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue du 31-Décembre 36, 1207, Geneva, Switzerland.
philippe.huguelet@hcuge.ch
OBJECTIVES: Religious issues may be neglected by clinicians who are treating psychotic patients, even when religion constitutes an important means of coping. This study examined the spirituality and religious practices of outpatients with schizophrenia compared with their clinicians. Clinicians' knowledge of patients' religious involvement and spirituality was investigated. METHODS: The study sample included 100 patients of public psychiatric outpatient facilities in Geneva, Switzerland, with a diagnosis of nonaffective psychosis. Audiotaped interviews were conducted with use of a semistructured interview about spirituality and religious coping. The patients' clinicians (N=34) were asked about their own beliefs and religious activities as well as their patients' religious and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Sixteen patients (16 percent) had positive psychotic symptoms reflecting aspects of their religious beliefs. A majority of the patients reported that religion was an important aspect of their lives, but only 36 percent of them had raised this issue with their clinicians. Fewer clinicians were religiously involved, and, in half the cases, their perceptions of patients' religious involvement were inaccurate. A few patients considered religious practice to be incompatible with treatment, and clinicians were seldom aware of such a conflict. CONCLUSIONS: Religion is an important issue for patients with schizophrenia, and it is often not related to the content of their delusions. Clinicians were commonly not aware of their patients' religious involvement, even if they reported feeling comfortable with such an issue.
PMID: 16524995 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Religiosity and schizophrenia. Aukst-Margetić B, Jakovljević M.
Psychiatr Danub. 2008 Sep;20(3):437-8.
Neuropsychiatric hospital "Dr. Ivan Barbot" Popovaca, Croatia.
branka.aukst-margetic@zg.t-com.hr
We focus on the relationships between schizophrenia and religiosity, on the basis of the review of literature and the data of an ongoing study about religiousness and personality, and religious coping conducted among outpatients with schizophrenia. Religion may be part of the psychopathology, but some of its dimensions may be protective from the negative effects of the illness. Religion may be relevant for the treatment of people with schizophrenia in that it may help to reduce pathology, to enhance coping and to foster recovery. Religiosity is multidimensional concept and so it must be evaluated in the people with schizophrenia (Aukst-Margetic et al. 2005).
PMID: 18827779 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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The messiah-complex in schizophrenia. Goldwert M. School of Humanities, New York Institute of Technology, NY 10023.
Psychol Rep. 1993 Aug;73(1):331-5.
After suggesting that religio-egocentricity and the messiah-complex may be a universal pattern in the psychoses, this paper briefly addresses three questions. First, in general, what is the relationship between religious emotions and schizophrenia? Second, why is it that the messiah-complex surfaces so often in the psychoses? Finally, what is the healthy dimension of religiosity?
PMID: 8367574 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Religious delusions: finding meanings in psychosis. Bhavsar V, Bhugra D.
GKT School of Medicine, King's College, London, UK.
Psychopathology. 2008;41(3):165-72. Epub 2008 Feb 11.
BACKGROUND: Religious delusions have been reported with varying prevalence from cultures around the world. Their contents, context and significance vary according to cultural and economic mores. In this review we discuss the potential relationship between religious delusions and aspects of culture, in particular religious symbols. We suggest that religious rituals and expectations of the family play a major role in the genesis and maintenance of delusions. We consider the roles of religious signifiers in the formation and maintenance of these important phenomena. SAMPLING AND METHODS: Evidence relating to the clinical significance of religious delusions is reviewed. The real clinical significance of religious delusions varies from violence to others to self-harm. The implications of these issues are discussed in relation to their management. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: It is argued that there should be a reassessment of the importance of religious delusions in the light of new ethnographic and clinical evidence.