After his death, critics of his interpretation of Mithras as the descendant of the Iranian deity Mithra began to be heard, and surfaced at the First International Congress of Mithraic Studies in Manchester England, 1971. Modern interpretation of Mithras as the astronomical bull-slayer have continued to move away from Cumont's interpretations, though his documentation remains valuable.
Funny, how that's a site for apologetics.
I was wondering when someone would notice.
Liar, you never read the article.
Q -
Funny, how that's a site for apologetics.
Interesting how a majority of the sites regarding comparisons between Mithras and Christ were apologetics as well, including mine...
Iaison -
http://www.gnmagazine.org/issues/gn43/bornchristmas.htm
I will concede that there are no scriptural documentations B.C.E concerning Mithraic rituals, primarily because it was a Mystery Religion, which meant that rituals and such were kept secret except to members and were most likely transmitted orally.
Somehow, I've never heard of the Mithras-Christ connection until now, though you must be older, since you remember it being brought up in previous years.
SamCDKey:
The encorporation of Christian symbolism would be discreditted by the antiquity of the non-Roman cults of Mithra. Moreover, Christianity as a cult was not very popular in the first century. It was not until the 2nd and 3rd when Christianity would have inflitrated the military society enough to warrant a military cult having developed.
Mithra appears in the Vedas and in the Avesta. These books predate Roman civilization by 1,500 years at least, if not more ancient.
I never claimed that the myths of Mithra did not develop throughout their time. Indeed, practically every Indo-European deity sees such a development, specifically when one considers that the Hindu, Persian, Greco-Roman, Celtic, and Germanic pantheons are descended from one religion. However, the fact that there is a connection with the Mithra of the Persians is undoubted. That is to say, whereas we might have seen a significant revolution of the concepts considered part of Mithra worship, we nonetheless have a connection, albeit somewhat disconnected, with the Persian myth.
Moreover, I'd strongly suggest referencing Q's link, considering the referencing of "care bears" and "pokemon" in it.
If nothing else, it is a very unconvincing article due to such things as the above.
Sources
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1. Beck.PO -- Beck, Roger. Planetary Gods and Planetary Orders in the Mysteries of Mithras. London: Brill, 1988.
2. Biv.PM -- Bivar, A. D. The Personalities of Mithra in Archaeology and Literature. New York: Bibliotheca Persica Press, 1998.
3. Cum.MM -- Cumont, Franz. The Mysteries of Mithra. New York: Dover, 1950.
4. Frek.JM -- Freke, Timothy and Peter Gandy. The Jesus Mysteries: Was the "Original Jesus" a Pagan God? New York: Harmony Books, 1999.
5. Gor.IV -- Gordon, Richard. Image and Value in the Greco-Roman World. Aldershot: Variorum, 1996.
6. Lae.MO -- Laeuchli, Samuel. Mithraism in Ostia: Mystery Religions and Christianity in the Ancient Port of Rome. Northwestern U. Press, 1967.
7. MS -- Mithraic Studies: Proceedings of the First International Congress of Mithraic Studies. Manchester U. Press, 1975.
8. Spei.MO -- Spiedel, Michael. Mithras-Orion, Greek Hero and Roman Army God. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1980.
9. Ulan.OMM -- Ulansey, David. The Origins of the Mithraic Mysteries: Cosmology and Salvation in the Ancient World. New York: Oxford U. Press, 1989.
10. Ver.MSG -- Vermaseren, M. J. Mithras the Secret God. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1963.
11. Wyn.MFC -- Wynne-Tyson, Esme. Mithras: The Fellow in the Cap. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1958.
Indeed, practically every Indo-European deity sees such a development, specifically when one considers that the Hindu, Persian, Greco-Roman, Celtic, and Germanic pantheons are descended from one religion.
Present day scholars of Mithraism do not believe there is a connection
Huh? Where did you get those references?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithra - Presents a good representation of the Mithra cult in Indo-Iranian conceptions.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mithraism#Similarities_to_Christianity - The words of Justin Martyr and Tertullian are telling.
What has been the point of this diversion? The point is to give the reader a warning, to be on the lookout any time a critic makes some claim about Mithraism somehow being a parallel to Christianity. Check their sources carefully. If, like Acharya S, they cite source material from the Cumont or pre-Cumont era, then chances are excellent that they are using material that is either greatly outdated, or else does not rely on sound scholarship (i.e., prior to Cumont; works by the likes of King, Lajard, and Robertson). Furthermore, if they have asserted anything at all definitive about Mithraic belief, they are probably wrong about it, and certainly basing it on the conjectures of someone who is either not a Mithraic specialist (which is what Freke and Gandy do in The Jesus Mysteries) or else is badly outdated.
SamCDKey:
Might you cite some sources aside from this Christian website that Q pointed to? I'd be intrigued to read any you have off hand.
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