Hi expletives deleted,
Welcome to sciforums.
In our everyday lives, for most practical purposes we can regard the speed of light as essentially infinite. That is, when we look at something in the distance we see it practically instantly. Any time delay between light coming from the side of the object closest to the observer and light coming from the side furthest from the observer is negligible. In part this is because most objects we see move very slowly compared to the speed of light.
If we try to extrapolate from our everyday experience what we would expect to "see" when a relativistic object flies past us at a reasonable fraction of the speed of light, then we risk making serious mistakes if we don't take the travel time of the light into account. This is essentially what Terrell rotation is about.
When students first learn about the special theory of relativity, they learn about things such as length contraction. To make things simple, this is usually handled in one dimension only. We consider the lengths of objects parallel to the direction of motion. This can lead to various incorrect assumptions about how solid objects might "look" when travelling at high speeds. For example, one might assume that because Special Relativity tells us that a relativistic sphere contracts in the direction of its motion (but not in directions perpendicular to that), such a sphere would look "squashed" into a football-like shape as it flew past. This is not the case. To know what it looks like, we need to consider how light travels from different parts of the sphere to an observer, with light from different parts taking slightly different amounts of time to reach the observer.
Naive students of relativity often confuse how things look with how things are. The Lorentz transformations of special relativity, for example, translate the coordinates of events in spacetime from one reference frame to another. That is, they can tell us exactly where at particular point on an object is at a particular time, in a particular reference frame. They do not, without more work, describe the particular sets of points in space that emit light that reaches a certain point in space at the same time, thus creating what is seen at that point at a particular instant.
Many introductory textbooks gloss over to a greater or lesser extent the difference between what is seen and how things are at a given instant (in a particular frame of reference).
Another issue is with the word "observer" itself. That term is used to mean an entire reference frame in some instances, while in other instances it is used to mean a particular object or detector or person located at just one point in space(time) in a reference frame.
I'm not sure how relevant any of this is to the current thread, although it does seem to me that danshawen, for one, doesn't really understand that distinction.
Welcome to sciforums.
Students of the theory of relativity need to take care at all times to avoid falling into traps that can appear when certain assumptions are made that in everyday experience would be called "common sense".I just joined and commented on RJBeery's thread in Physics & Maths section. Scrolling down the board on main page I stopped at Alternative Theories section and decided to take a look at what sort of discussions were happening there. I saw this curious discussion and took a look. The discussion appears set on predetermined lines and based on all sorts of accepted or contested understandings flowing from earlier work and understandings. In particular, I googled the reference you made to Terrell rotation, and came across this in wiki.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrell_rotation
It basically says (under Further Detail paragraph heading) that there has been a longstanding misconceptions regarding relativity effects because images due to light speed limitations were for a long time incorrectly treated in relativity discussions and explanations as real physical consequences as per the maths, even though the maths (which was correct in itself) did not actually predict such things as real effects but only existed as image based illusions from the light information forming an image at observer's light signal detector for the light emitted or reflected from the object being observed in motion with respect to observer. Because of this important but belated correction, I have to ask: does this long overdue correction to the misconceptions in the teaching texts assumptions, interpretations, explanations, analogies, models and conclusions, have any bearing on the issues being discussed in this thread since most of the positions and claims made by some here could be based on such early misconceptions about relativity maths and effects which has been only recently corrected? This thread is one I will follow even if I make no more comments on the discussion itself. Thanks for your time reading this, James R and danshawen.
In our everyday lives, for most practical purposes we can regard the speed of light as essentially infinite. That is, when we look at something in the distance we see it practically instantly. Any time delay between light coming from the side of the object closest to the observer and light coming from the side furthest from the observer is negligible. In part this is because most objects we see move very slowly compared to the speed of light.
If we try to extrapolate from our everyday experience what we would expect to "see" when a relativistic object flies past us at a reasonable fraction of the speed of light, then we risk making serious mistakes if we don't take the travel time of the light into account. This is essentially what Terrell rotation is about.
When students first learn about the special theory of relativity, they learn about things such as length contraction. To make things simple, this is usually handled in one dimension only. We consider the lengths of objects parallel to the direction of motion. This can lead to various incorrect assumptions about how solid objects might "look" when travelling at high speeds. For example, one might assume that because Special Relativity tells us that a relativistic sphere contracts in the direction of its motion (but not in directions perpendicular to that), such a sphere would look "squashed" into a football-like shape as it flew past. This is not the case. To know what it looks like, we need to consider how light travels from different parts of the sphere to an observer, with light from different parts taking slightly different amounts of time to reach the observer.
Naive students of relativity often confuse how things look with how things are. The Lorentz transformations of special relativity, for example, translate the coordinates of events in spacetime from one reference frame to another. That is, they can tell us exactly where at particular point on an object is at a particular time, in a particular reference frame. They do not, without more work, describe the particular sets of points in space that emit light that reaches a certain point in space at the same time, thus creating what is seen at that point at a particular instant.
Many introductory textbooks gloss over to a greater or lesser extent the difference between what is seen and how things are at a given instant (in a particular frame of reference).
Another issue is with the word "observer" itself. That term is used to mean an entire reference frame in some instances, while in other instances it is used to mean a particular object or detector or person located at just one point in space(time) in a reference frame.
I'm not sure how relevant any of this is to the current thread, although it does seem to me that danshawen, for one, doesn't really understand that distinction.