Often in Christianity we hear the phrase "Jesus died for our sins" or "Jesus saved us." How did Jesus save us? I am very confused by this. There were many people who died for God and sacrificed their life just like Jesus did. Also, if we can only be saved through Jesus, what happened to all the holy men of the Old Testament such as Abraham, Moses, etc. They had no way of knowing who Jesus was because there was no bible, and these men never mentioned him in the bible. If men before Jesus could be saved from hell such as Abraham, Moses, Elijah, Naomi, etc. then is Jesus really needed in the equation of saving? Did Jesus save us because God was at the end of his rope with humanity and if Jesus sinned even one time God would have gotten exremely angry and wiped everyone out like he did with the Noah generation? Any thoughts?
There are several questions here, but to start, I will answer the question: "Why Jesus?"
There are actually a few reasons that it had to be Jesus, and His death freely
accepted for our sake, rather than just anyone else. The first reason is that Jesus was sinless. He was born without the stain of Original Sin, and He did not sin throughout His life. The damnation of humanity was wrought by a sinless father, our salvation was wrought by a sinless brother.
Adam, as our father, was connected to each and every one of us in a unique and special way. That is, he is our genetic father, all of us come from him. Jesus, as our brother, didn't have this kind of connection with the rest of humanity. However, He was not merely our brother, but He was/is also our God. In Him was both a full human nature and the full Divine Nature. As such, He is also our creative Father. He is the author of truth, and He created us. In this way, He has an even more unique and special connection with all of us, since though Adam gave us our human nature through natural biological processes (except what he passed on was a fallen nature), Christ, who originally gave us perfect natures through creative processes, offers us this gift again through unitive processes.
His sacrifice, as a perfect human being, atoned for the sin of a perfect human being. His sacrifice was not merely His death, but also His life. He surrendered His whole life to the Will of the Father, God's Will, and even when He was facing death, He never strayed from that surrender. His death, as an isolated event, wasn't the sacrifice that saved humanity. It was the culmination, the final proof, of His fidelity to the Father, His full sacrifice, and it was a sacrifice for the sake of the salvation of Mankind. Why was Christ's obedience to God's Will the act of salvation? Because it was Adam's disobedience, His denial of the authority of God, the Will of God, the Truth of God, which damned us.
So, to answer the next question, "How did Jesus save us?" the answer is that it was a punitive measure. However, this doesn't say it all. For, though as an act on behalf of mankind, the original offense was forgiven, we each are still capable and guilty of sin against God, and the nature He created in us, and truth. Therefore, it isn't precisely correct to say "Jesus saved us," for in truth, His universally-applied action of sacrifice was Mankind's redemption, rather than salvation. The difference is that salvation refers to our final destination (ie, Heaven or Hell), whereas redemption refers to humanity's sin forgiven.
In other words, Heaven is again available to us, but we still have to be perfect to get there. Yet, it is also not false to say that Jesus saves us, except that "us" must refer to only those who are indeed saved. For, there are a great many who are not saved, but are damned in Hell. Salvation then comes through
union to Christ, union to God,
in conjunction with the perfect sacrificial act of Christ. This is where Christ's Divine Nature comes into a deeper play. Certainly, His Divinity was significant during His life, and also to certain theological tenets now understood, but what does it have to do with us, practically speaking? We could no more be one with Christ as man than you could with me. However, Christ as God is a different story. It was part of the original plan of our human nature that we be one with God, in union with Him. We can be one with Christ as God, and this union transcends time (trans -
through, as opposed to separate or apart from). This means that, whether you lived before or after Christ, salvation was/is open to you, even if that salvation wasn't realized until after the actual temporal event of Christ's saving actions.
I hope this explanation helps a bit, though it wouldn't surprise me if it raises more questions. I'm not always the most clear person.