A transitional fossil is a fossil of a transitional form.
A transitional form is a individual with traits (morphology, typically for fossils) intermediate between an ancestral clades and latter-existing clades.
So identification of a transitional form is incomplete without a description of the clades that it is intermediate to.
Tiktaalik is a transitional form between bony fish and tetrapods. It is a bit to fishy to be a tetrapod and a bit too leggy to be a typical fish. Of course you can redraw the lines of either clade to include it as one or the other, but that's literally shifting the goal posts if you try to argue that it is not actually intermediate.
// Added
In the E. coli long-running experiment, after the latter-exists aerobic citrate-metabolizing strain was discovered, they searched their man-made fossils ( i.e. frozen historical samples) and identified specific transitional forms between the original strain and the successful mutant strain.
In the evolution of men, a great number of transitional forms between chimp-like apes and modern man have been discovered. Creationists deny that they are in any way transitional, but the fact of the matter is that these creationists disagree with each other on which fossil is "ape-like" and which is "man-like" in a manner consistent with they hypothesis that the fossils are transitional and they creationists are just pushing the goal-posts back and forth.
http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/compare.html
// Added
There is no transitional form between cats and dogs, because these are both modern clades. There are transitional forms between cats or dogs and any cat-dog common ancestor clades like miacids or tetrapods or bony fish.
A transitional form is a individual with traits (morphology, typically for fossils) intermediate between an ancestral clades and latter-existing clades.
So identification of a transitional form is incomplete without a description of the clades that it is intermediate to.
Tiktaalik is a transitional form between bony fish and tetrapods. It is a bit to fishy to be a tetrapod and a bit too leggy to be a typical fish. Of course you can redraw the lines of either clade to include it as one or the other, but that's literally shifting the goal posts if you try to argue that it is not actually intermediate.
// Added
In the E. coli long-running experiment, after the latter-exists aerobic citrate-metabolizing strain was discovered, they searched their man-made fossils ( i.e. frozen historical samples) and identified specific transitional forms between the original strain and the successful mutant strain.
In the evolution of men, a great number of transitional forms between chimp-like apes and modern man have been discovered. Creationists deny that they are in any way transitional, but the fact of the matter is that these creationists disagree with each other on which fossil is "ape-like" and which is "man-like" in a manner consistent with they hypothesis that the fossils are transitional and they creationists are just pushing the goal-posts back and forth.
http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/compare.html
// Added
There is no transitional form between cats and dogs, because these are both modern clades. There are transitional forms between cats or dogs and any cat-dog common ancestor clades like miacids or tetrapods or bony fish.