Walter L. Wagner said:Likely there were many others. That might be part of why there is now so much variation in the human species, with a lot of admixture of other genes from other related 'species' that weren't fully speciated, so the offspring were viable.
Lots of room for more research in this area.
Just yesterday I saw a 60+ male of one race accompanying an obviously pregnant spouse of 30+ years of an entirely different race. If it's happening now, it certainly would have been happening then too!
Yeah, people fell for that illusion. The illusion that you can, at a glance know someones race. It's simple, neanderthal likely looked exactly like homosapian, and there was likely no way to look and see the difference between the two. We did not have genetic tests back then so people likely did the same thing you did, "well, this person looks like me, they must be the same race" and found out they were wrong.
Now it's very much the same, because short of a genetic test, no one knows what mix they are, but if we are 5% neanderthal, it likely is because back then people didnt know either.
If we want to be scientifically specific, we could simply mate by profession and I bet we'd be more accurate than if we mate by appearance. Because only the brain differences matter.