How Viruses Infect Cells
The basic process of viral infection and virus replication occurs in 6 main steps.
1.Adsorption - virus binds to the host cell.
2.Penetration - virus injects its genome into host cell.
3.Viral Genome Replication - viral genome replicates using the host's cellular machinery.
4.Assembly - viral components and enzymes are produced and begin to assemble.
5.Maturation - viral components assemble and viruses fully develop.
6.Release - newly produced viruses are expelled from the host cell.
Viruses may infect any type of cell including animal cells, plant cells and bacterial cells. To view an example of the process of viral infection and virus replication, see Virus Replication: Bacteriophage. You will discover how a bacteriophage, a virus that infects bacteria, replicates after infecting a bacterial cell.