The Neanderthal/Sapiens issue is a bit more complicated than in the previous posts. The mtDNA comparisons that have been done so far put the Neanderthal/Sapiens split at about 500K years ago. If true, that would make us more distantly related than some theories suggested, but it surely doesn't PROVE that we are seperate species. The jury is still way out on this issue, but hopefully we'll get a lot more and better data in the future. I believe that only 3 Neanderthal specimens have been probed so far. And I think we can all agree that the species term is often applied somewhat subjectively.