The Relativity of Simultaneity

Compared to each other.
Sorry, I thought we were still on the inital scenario.
But, let's say the two sources are in free space instead of bolted to a train.

How do you measure their absolute velocities, again?
Or how do you measure the distance between the sources, and can you tell if the distance is changing?

So far, you've said you can only measure time intervals, which I take to mean you can't measure any changes in distance.

I'm showing you how it's done on the train. You measure the light travel time in one direction, and repeat the procedure in the opposite direction. You are measuring the absolute velocity of the train, and if the transmitter and receiver were stationary in the train, then they have the same absolute velocity as the train, because they didn't move relative to the train. A person in a chair on the train has the same absolute velocity in space as the train has.
 
Ok, thanks.

Can you tell me how it's done for this kind of setup:

You have two light sources at different locations. How do you measure the distance between them?
Let's assume you can't bolt them to a train, or to the side of a spaceship. Let's say they are just sources in empty space.

Is that an acceptable setup? Do you think it corresponds to reality?

I know you think you can emit light simultaneously from both sources, and if they are 1 light second apart, the emitted light will reach either source after 1 second. But doesn't that mean both sources have to remain at a constant distance of 1 light second?

How do you know that they are still the same distance from each other when the light reaches them as when the light was emitted? How can you determine this?
 
Ok, thanks.

Can you tell me how it's done for this kind of setup:

You have two light sources at different locations. How do you measure the distance between them?

I know you think you can emit light simultaneously from both sources, and if they are 1 light second apart, the emitted light will reach either source after 1 second. But doesn't that mean both sources have to remain at a constant distance of 1 light second?

How do you know that they are still the same distance from each other when the light reaches them as when the light was emitted? How can you determine this?

You're going round in circles to try to avoid the task at hand. Do you want to see how the measurements are done on the train or not? You don;t want to learn, you just want to try to cause confusion so as to derail the task at hand.

I have to get ready to go now. When you decide you can focus on the task at hand long enough to reach a result then let me know.
 
Motor Daddy said:
Do you want to see how the measurements are done on the train or not?
Well, the train thing is kind of done to death.

Don't you want to see if your method can be used with two ordinary sources of light which are not attached to anything, but "floating" freely in space?
Are you too scared to try, or something? Doesn't your method work very well when the sources aren't bolted to something?

Is your method any use at all, when applied to my example--two independent sources of light which are not attached to a rigid body, but moving independently (perhaps at zero velocity) in space? That's what I want you to focus on, rather than try to avoid the question and talk about bloody trains, all over a-bloody-gain.
 
[I think you could easily clear this problem up - what is the ABSOLUTE velocity of earth?]

That's your problem if you can't measure accurately. Is reality supposed to tend to your needs just because you are incapable of accurate measurements?

It is not a matter of accuracy it is the small matter that it is impossible to determine the absolute motion of earth. This is one of the long list of things that you just don't seem to understand.

Here is the good news: if you can determine the absolute motion of anything you will without a doubt win a nobel prize (at least), because you will be the only person on earth that is capable of doing it.
 
Motor Daddy:

The errors show up in the numbers because Einstein's 2nd postulate is wrong, which is why the train observer comes to the wrong conclusion that the strikes occurred at different times at A and B on the train, when in fact that is impossible.

So, do you retract your claim that Einstein's explanation in Chapter 9 is inconsistent given his postulates?

I know you disagree with his postulates. I want to know whether his analysis would be correct if his postulates were true. In other words, in Einstein's mathematical world, has Einstein made an error in Chapter 9? Yes or no? The issue of whether Einstein's world is the real world or not is a quite separate matter. You do understand that, don't you?

That is why I wanted to put actual numbers to the situation, so I could clearly show that my numbers match, and Einstein's contradict reality.

Your analysis uses your postulates. Einstein's analysis uses his postulates. Of course your answers don't match - you're starting with different assumptions.

You've proven nothing at all about "reality" because so far you've still presented no real-world evidence.

Do you ever intend to present real-world evidence? Yes or no?

This is at leas the third time I've asked you this question. Are you afraid to answer it?

In reality, we know the strikes occurred at A and B simultaneously, because those points were only aligned at one point in time, not two points in time.

What do you mean by "aligned"? Mark A on the train and mark A' on the embankment were only ever aligned at one point in time, and the same is true for B and B'. Marks A and B were never aligned - they were always separated by some distance. And you've said nothing about whether mark A/A' was made before or after or at the same time as mark B/B'. That is the issue under discussion.

The train observer's watch must read exactly the same time as the embankment observer's watch when they are aligned, and so A and B on the train must also have the same times as A and B on the embankment, because they were also aligned simultaneously when the observers were aligned.

Did you follow Einstein's argument? His conclusion is different to yours. Did he make a mistake? If so, which point in my summary of his argument is incorrect? Explain. Don't try to avoid the issue.

Fact: The strikes occurred simultaneously at A and B in BOTH frames. The mistake is made by the train observer because Einstein led him to believe his second postulate was correct, when in fact it is clearly wrong.

It's not clearly wrong. You appeal to your gut feeling isn't an argument. Nobody cares what you think is "clear" on the basis of your wishful thinking alone.

Following Einstein's second postulate leads him to believe that the strikes occurred at different times at A and B, which we know for a fact that is impossible.

How do we know that for a fact? What evidence are you relying on to establish this "fact" of yours?

My postulate is: The speed of light is a constant. Measurements of the speed of light will vary depending on the velocity of the frame the measurements are taken in.

Your postulate is: the measured speed of light is different in every frame of reference.

The speed of light doesn't change!

It is different in every frame of reference, according to you.
 
I think this thread has lost it's way, MD. But here's where we're up to:
  • I've described for you a mathematical world with absolute space and absolute simultaneity, in which no observer can tell what their absolute velocity is, or whether their clocks are absolutely synchronized.
    In that world, velocity and simultaneity can only be determined relative to an assumed standard.
  • That mathematical world is indistinguishable to Einstein's world, which discards the useless idea of an absolute reference that can't be measured by any means.
  • You prefer a mathematical world in which absolute velocity can be measured, and clocks can be absolute synchronized.
  • Your method of measuring absolute velocity will work in your mathematical world.
  • Your method of measuring absolute velocity will not work in Einstein's mathematical world.
  • You have never tested your method, so it doesn't tell us which world matches reality.
  • You say that the definition of the metre implies an absolute rest standard, in spite of the fact that the standard is used without knowing the absolute velocity of the measuring equipment.


The issues we need to address are:
  • The need for a real test of your method of measuring absolute velocity before it can be used as support for your mathematical world.
  • The meaning of a unit of measure defined with reference to the speed of light, and what that implies for speed of light measurements
  • The compatibility of the SI metre with the absence of an absolute rest reference

We are living in mine, because Einstein's world doesn't acknowledge that a source could be at a different point in space from when it emitted light. It can only tell you that the light is x distance away from the source in x amount of time. I can tell you how far the light is away from the source in x amount of time, AND also how far the source moved from the point in space that it emitted that light in that time, which means I can tell you the absolute velocity of the source.
No, you can't. You think that you could, if you had precise equipment.
But if we're living in Einstein's world, then your method won't work.
So once again - who's world are we living in?
Your method of measuring absolute velocity is hypothetical. Yes, it works in your mathematical world. No, you don't know if it works in the real world. And you'll never know unless it is actually tested.

Because it is defined, it can't change unless you redefine the meter or the second. I don't need to measure it, I know FOR SURE, BY DEFINITION that the speed of light is 299,792,458 m/s. I am 100% SURE of that, without measuring.
Ever used a tape measure?
Ever wondered if it's accurate? How can you tell?

Do you know that the metre was previously defined as the distance between two marks on a physical bar?
Do you understand that the speed of light was precisely (to within 1 m/s) measured using that standard?
Do you understand that people can and do measure the speed of light in units of metre-sticks per second, where a metre stick is a physical object?
Here's some simple lab experiments you could arrange yourself if you have the motivation:
Measurement of the Speed of Light and Other Waves (pdf)
A small tabletop experiment for a direct measurement of the speed of light
An alternative speed of light measurement experiment for a senior laboratory (pdf) (I know personally the guy who wrote this one)
And that's how you tell if your tape measure is accurate - you use it to measure the speed of light. If you measure 299792458 (within error margin) tape-measure-metres per second, then you know it's accurate.

So to put it bluntly, MD, the speed of light is an unquestionably measurable thing. Using it to define a unit of distance doesn't alter that.



You should also know that the SI definition of the metre is stated to be a unit of proper length in this 2008 publication by NIST:
The International System of Units (SI) (pdf).

This means that the definition of the metre does not imply that it is a distance in a particular absolute rest frame.
The defined metre is in fact the distance light travels in any inertial reference frame in 1 second as measured by clocks in that reference frame, which are synchronized according to Einstein's synchronization method.

Which of course makes perfect sense, otherwise the standard would be useless without first measuring absolute velocity, right?
 
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With the previous post in mind, we see that the train-standard in our experimental mathematical world is the correct implementation of the SI definition of the metre.
The distance light travels on the train in 1/299792458 seconds as measured by train clocks is an SI metre.

Because we are working in two different reference frames, I will continue to use train-standard and embankment standard when necessary to clarify the frame in which measurements are defined.

Yes, and when you show me the numbers, include what time the race starts and ends for each. I may want to watch the race I don't want to be late!

Tell me what time the racers start their measurements, and what time the racers stop their measurements, ie, the race starts at 12:00:00 at A and ends at ....... at B.
Both the train observer and the embankment observer set up a 100m long track as follows:
  • A start line is drawn beside a clock and light source.
  • A mirror is placed some distance away.
  • A light flash is timed from the start line to the mirror and back.
  • The position of the mirror is adjusted and the flash timed again, repeating until the measured flash time is 6,132.6638 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium-133 atom (667.12819 nanoseconds).
  • The finish line is drawn beside the mirror

Each observer carries a stopwatch to time themselves running the length of the track.
They hit the start button as they begin at the starting line, and the stop button as they cross the finish line.

Neither of them are particularly fit, but they are surprisingly similar - both run times of 15 seconds flat.

Question for you, MD:
What time would the train observer have run if he had run on the embankment track?
 
Motor Daddy:



So, do you retract your claim that Einstein's explanation in Chapter 9 is inconsistent given his postulates?

I know you disagree with his postulates. I want to know whether his analysis would be correct if his postulates were true. In other words, in Einstein's mathematical world, has Einstein made an error in Chapter 9? Yes or no? The issue of whether Einstein's world is the real world or not is a quite separate matter. You do understand that, don't you?



Your analysis uses your postulates. Einstein's analysis uses his postulates. Of course your answers don't match - you're starting with different assumptions.

You've proven nothing at all about "reality" because so far you've still presented no real-world evidence.

Do you ever intend to present real-world evidence? Yes or no?

This is at leas the third time I've asked you this question. Are you afraid to answer it?



What do you mean by "aligned"? Mark A on the train and mark A' on the embankment were only ever aligned at one point in time, and the same is true for B and B'. Marks A and B were never aligned - they were always separated by some distance. And you've said nothing about whether mark A/A' was made before or after or at the same time as mark B/B'. That is the issue under discussion.



Did you follow Einstein's argument? His conclusion is different to yours. Did he make a mistake? If so, which point in my summary of his argument is incorrect? Explain. Don't try to avoid the issue.



It's not clearly wrong. You appeal to your gut feeling isn't an argument. Nobody cares what you think is "clear" on the basis of your wishful thinking alone.



How do we know that for a fact? What evidence are you relying on to establish this "fact" of yours?



Your postulate is: the measured speed of light is different in every frame of reference.



It is different in every frame of reference, according to you.
You have summed up the situation nicely. Using different postulates is giving different results.

MD, your postulate seems to be based on the fact that once a light wave is emitted, it travels through the medium of space and has a presence that is moving at the invariant speed of light relative to the point of origin. The rest of the universe exists in that same space but in different places and in different relative motion to the point of origin of the light. But the light wave is out there and can't be jumping from place to place just because observers are in different locations and in different relative motion, the light just goes on at its invariant speed relative to its origin.

That is logical and it is in line with your postulate. You can't prove it. Can Einstein's postulate be proven? If not, it is simply a matter of different unproven theories.

If Einstein's theory can be proven then your theory is superseded and joins all other theories that have been proven wrong.
 
Do you know that the metre was previously defined as the distance between two marks on a physical bar?

Yes, the standard was changed in 1983.

Do you understand that the speed of light was precisely (to within 1 m/s) measured using that standard?

No I don't know that, because in order to measure the length of an object using light, you MUST have the velocity of the object factored in. You seem to blow that off as some small unimportant technicality. That is the MOST IMPORTANT point I make, that in the same interval of time that the light is traveling, so too could the object be traveling. You don't seem to get that. If you disregard the motion of the object your measurements are GARBAGE!!!

Do you understand that people can and do measure the speed of light in units of metre-sticks per second, where a metre stick is a physical object?

Again, you blow off the notion that the stick could have been in motion at the same time the light was traveling. Do you understand what you are saying???

Here's some simple lab experiments you could arrange yourself if you have the motivation:

A small tabletop experiment for a direct measurement of the speed of light

Really? So in the experiment you listed, this is a quote:

An oscilloscope is used to obtain the time of flight  = 2L/c, where L is the (one way) length
of the path.

That is so laughable!!!!!

Do you understand the error they make here, which makes all their measurements useless??? Are they trying to pull a fast one? That is absolutely absurd!

And that's how you tell if your tape measure is accurate - you use it to measure the speed of light. If you measure 299792458 (within error margin) tape-measure-metres per second, then you know it's accurate.

So to put it bluntly, MD, the speed of light is an unquestionably measurable thing. Using it to define a unit of distance doesn't alter that.

No, that is the IMPROPER way of determining whether your tape measure is accurate. You can not measure using light unless you know the velocity of the object you are measuring! That is a simple fact of distance and time. It is not just a part of some theory, it is a simple fact that during the time that light travels in space, so too can an object travel in space. That is so simple of a concept, and yet you can;t wrap your head around it and accept that. That is the key point I make, and you just blow it off and continue believing what you want to believe. Go for it, everyone has a right to their own opinions, just not their own facts.

You should also know that the SI definition of the metre is stated to be a unit of proper length in this 2008 publication by NIST:
The International System of Units (SI) (pdf).

This means that the definition of the metre does not imply that it is a distance in a particular absolute rest frame.
The defined metre is in fact the distance light travels in any inertial reference frame in 1 second as measured by clocks in that reference frame, which are synchronized according to Einstein's synchronization method.

Where in the definition of a meter does it say it is based on Einstein's clock synchronization method? Where does it say that? We all know what the concept of simultaneous means. Einstein tries to invalidate that concept by discarding it. Too bad, Einstein, there exists a concept of simultaneity, and instead of discarding that concept we need to discard your theory. It is a fact of nature that simultaneity exists. If you can't identify it properly that's your problem!
 
With the previous post in mind, we see that the train-standard in our experimental mathematical world is the correct implementation of the SI definition of the metre.
The distance light travels on the train in 1/299792458 seconds as measured by train clocks is an SI metre.

Because we are working in two different reference frames, I will continue to use train-standard and embankment standard when necessary to clarify the frame in which measurements are defined.


Both the train observer and the embankment observer set up a 100m long track as follows:
  • A start line is drawn beside a clock and light source.
  • A mirror is placed some distance away.
  • A light flash is timed from the start line to the mirror and back.
  • The position of the mirror is adjusted and the flash timed again, repeating until the measured flash time is 6,132.6638 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium-133 atom (667.12819 nanoseconds).
  • The finish line is drawn beside the mirror

Each observer carries a stopwatch to time themselves running the length of the track.
They hit the start button as they begin at the starting line, and the stop button as they cross the finish line.

Neither of them are particularly fit, but they are surprisingly similar - both run times of 15 seconds flat.

Question for you, MD:
What time would the train observer have run if he had run on the embankment track?

I asked you to tell me what time the race started so that I wouldn't be late. What time did the race start?
 
Motor Daddy:
So, do you retract your claim that Einstein's explanation in Chapter 9 is inconsistent given his postulates?

I know you disagree with his postulates. I want to know whether his analysis would be correct if his postulates were true. In other words, in Einstein's mathematical world, has Einstein made an error in Chapter 9? Yes or no? The issue of whether Einstein's world is the real world or not is a quite separate matter. You do understand that, don't you?

I agree that the train observer had the lights hit him at different times. That's a fact.

I agree that the train observer is at the midpoint of the train equal distance from A and B on the train. That's a fact.

I agree that the train observer thinks the strikes occurred at A and B on the train at different times, if he takes Einstein's 2nd postulate to be true.

But in fact, we know the strikes occurred at the same time at A and B, so we know the train observer is incorrect. You can't just say the train observer concludes the strikes occurred at A and B at different times, so that makes Einstein's postulate correct. You have to be able to KNOW if in fact the strikes occurred at A and B simultaneously, or they in fact occurred at different times. We KNOW, for a fact that the strikes occurred simultaneously, so the train observer is in error in his conclusions, because he relied on Einstein's second postulate, and that proved to be wrong.

Do you ever intend to present real-world evidence? Yes or no?

Is there a time limit? I intend to seek out real world evidence just as I have with my idea that the Earth came from the Sun. I showed you some evidence in a thread I started, that the current theory is lacking and they are looking for a new theory, and you said I was trolling. I am trying to support my idea, and you are calling me a troll. So when I do the same for this idea, am I also trolling? When I show you a link to support my claim, is that evidence or trolling?

What do you mean by "aligned"? Mark A on the train and mark A' on the embankment were only ever aligned at one point in time, and the same is true for B and B'. Marks A and B were never aligned - they were always separated by some distance. And you've said nothing about whether mark A/A' was made before or after or at the same time as mark B/B'. That is the issue under discussion.

The embankment A and train A were aligned simultaneously when the embankment B and train B were aligned, along with when the observers at the midpoint were aligned. ALL the points were aligned simultaneously.



Did you follow Einstein's argument? His conclusion is different to yours. Did he make a mistake? If so, which point in my summary of his argument is incorrect? Explain. Don't try to avoid the issue.

He made a mistake by assuming his second postulate is correct, and that in turn proved to be false.

Your postulate is: the measured speed of light is different in every frame of reference.

It has to be, because different frames have different velocities, correct?



It is different in every frame of reference, according to you.

Correct, because each frame has a different velocity.

It's funny to note that Einstein creates a bad second postulate, he uses it to create a paradox of simultaneity, he then discards the concept of simultaneity, changes the way light is measured in every frame by altering the standard meter and second, and then claims that every observer in a frame can claim to be at rest. That is so darn funny!

Why does he go to such extreme lengths? Because he doesn't know how to measure distance properly using the constant speed of light.

This is the correct equation for length, remember??

L=(2cTt)/(T+t)

This is an incorrect equation:

An oscilloscope is used to obtain the time of flight = 2L/c, where L is the (one way) length
of the path.
 
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You know, we were actually getting somewhere, MD, before everyone else got involved.
Now the discussion has been muddied beyond repair.
Maybe we'll chat again in a quieter environment one day.
 
Motor Daddy:

I agree that the train observer had the lights hit him at different times. That's a fact.

I agree that the train observer is at the midpoint of the train equal distance from A and B on the train. That's a fact.

I agree that the train observer thinks the strikes occurred at A and B on the train at different times, if he takes Einstein's 2nd postulate to be true.

Great!

But in fact, we know the strikes occurred at the same time at A and B, so we know the train observer is incorrect.

No. All we know from Einstein's scenario is the given "fact" that the strikes at A and B occurred at the same time in the embankment frame. That is Einstein's starting assumption. He then goes on to prove that if his second postulate is true the strikes at A and B must have occurred at different times in the train's frame.

We can set up a different situation from Einstein's one, starting from the assumption that the strikes occurred simultaneously in the train's frame. In that situation we can run through a similar reasoning process to conclude that in the embankment frame the strikes could then not have been simultaneous. In this situation, I assume you would not be insisting on the "fact" that the embankment observer was incorrect and the train observer was correct.

You can't just say the train observer concludes the strikes occurred at A and B at different times, so that makes Einstein's postulate correct.

Right. This thought experiment in no way proves that Einstein's postulate is correct. It just tells you what must be true if Einstein's postulate is correct.

By the same reasoning, your thought experiment in no way proves that your postulate is correct. It just tells you what must happen if it is, in fact, correct.

These thought experiments don't prove anything about reality. To do that, you need to go out and do some real-world measurements to see what actually happens.

You have to be able to KNOW if in fact the strikes occurred at A and B simultaneously, or they in fact occurred at different times. We KNOW, for a fact that the strikes occurred simultaneously, so the train observer is in error in his conclusions, because he relied on Einstein's second postulate, and that proved to be wrong.

I'll say it again. In the given scenario it is a GIVEN that the strikes occured at A and B simultaneously in the embankment frame. The postulates of relativity are then used to derive the conclusion that the strikes cannot be simultaneous in the train frame. The thought experiment shows the process of reasoning, based on the chosen postulates. It does not prove that the postulates are true. Nor does any thought experiment that you make up based on your postulates prove that your postulates are true.

Do you ever intend to present real-world evidence? Yes or no?

Is there a time limit? I intend to seek out real world evidence just as I have with my idea that the Earth came from the Sun.

There's no time limit, but you really ought to get onto this problem. After all, it's been over 100 years now since Einstein presented his postulates, and so far nobody has proven him wrong with any real-world experiment. And there have literally been thousands of such experiments done by other people.

So, as things stand, we have thousands of experiments proving Einstein correct, and not a single one proving him wrong. Not one in 100 years.

If you were right and Einstein was wrong, don't you think that somebody would have come up with the same idea you have in 100 years, and have done the experiments that show conclusively that Einstein was wrong? Would somebody who was actually a qualified physicist have done the definitive experiment by now? Or do you think all physicists are too brainwashed to even want to try to make themselves more famous than Einstein by proving his theories wrong?

I am trying to support my idea, and you are calling me a troll. So when I do the same for this idea, am I also trolling? When I show you a link to support my claim, is that evidence or trolling?

I'm very happy for you to link to any real-world evidence that you have that proves Einstein wrong. Any time.

The embankment A and train A were aligned simultaneously when the embankment B and train B were aligned, along with when the observers at the midpoint were aligned. ALL the points were aligned simultaneously.

That's true in the embankment frame. As Einstein's argument clearly shows, it is not true in the train's frame.

[Einstein] made a mistake by assuming his second postulate is correct, and that in turn proved to be false.

Where did it turn out to be false? You have presented no evidence that his postulate is false. All you have done is to say what would happen if it was false.

Your postulate is: the measured speed of light is different in every frame of reference.

It has to be, because different frames have different velocities, correct?

It has to be if your assumptions about absolute space and time are true. Sadly, however, they are false. Einstein's postulates are how the real world works, not Motor Daddy's postulates.

It's funny to note that Einstein creates a bad second postulate, he uses it to create a paradox of simultaneity, he then discards the concept of simultaneity, changes the way light is measured in every frame by altering the standard meter and second, and then claims that every observer in a frame can claim to be at rest. That is so darn funny!

There's no bad postulate. Einstein's postulate turns out to be true in the real world, so you can't call it bad.

Also, there's no paradox of simultaneity. Just relativity of simultaneity. A paradox is a self-inconsistent statement. Einstein's theory is completely self-consistent. There are no real paradoxes in Einstein's relativity.

Lastly, you don't need Einstein's postulates to consider yourself at rest in a reference frame. If you're sitting on a seat in a moving train, you're at rest relative to the seat, whether the universe is Newtonian or Einsteinian or Motor Daddyian.

Why does he go to such extreme lengths? Because he doesn't know how to measure distance properly using the constant speed of light.

We've been through this. Send a light pulse from one end to the other and time how long it takes using the clocks in the rest frame of the length to be measured. The distance is then L=ct in that reference frame. Simple. If you want to convert that distance to the distance that would be measured in a different frame, Einstein has an exact procedure that tells you how to do that, too.

So, saying Einstein didn't know how to measure a distance is just wrong.

This is the correct equation for length, remember??

L=(2cTt)/(T+t)

Yes. In any single, given frame. In the train frame we have T=t, which gives

$$L=\frac{2cTt}{T+t} = \frac{2ct^2}{2t} = ct$$

just like Einstein said (see above).

This is an incorrect equation:

An oscilloscope is used to obtain the time of flight = 2L/c, where L is the (one way) length of the path.

But this equation agrees with your equation!
 
From chapter 9: “Events which are simultaneous with reference to the embankment are not simultaneous with respect to the train, and vice versa (relativity of simultaneity). Every reference-body (co-ordinate system) has its own particular time; unless we are told the reference-body to which the statement of time refers, there is no meaning in a statement of the time of an event.”


Suggested rewording:
Events which are simultaneous with reference to the embankment do not appear to be simultaneous with respect to the train, and vice versa (relativity of simultaneity). Every reference-body (co-ordinate system) has its own time delay relative to events in every other frame of reference (co-ordinate system). Time delay is defined as the length of time it takes light to travel the distance equal to the relative motion that has taken place. Unless we are told the reference-body to which the statement of time refers, no time delay can be calculated. If we know the reference-body (co-ordinate system) that marks the operative time, an event in that system can be assumed to have a time delay in every other reference-body (co-ordinate system). Estimates of that time delay can be made but there is no method yet to perform actual measurements to prove the exact time delay.
 
@ MD & Pete:

I just discovered this thread. I would like to congratulate both of you on keeping it relatively (!) decent, without calling each other idiots.
I think it would be a pity if you gave up now.
I can see why you would feel that the involvement of others sidetracks (!) your discussion, so feel free to ignore this.

There are things that bother me about both your positions.

@ Pete:
I know you say that time dilation and length contraction (if I got that right) is a part of your "mathematical world". Maybe that is why you don't feel the need to explain why it happens, and in what sense it happens. Surely, it can not simply be explained by the extra time it takes the light signal from the clock on the train to reach the embankment due to the increased distance?

@ MD:
You seem to be saying that you can prove that the embankment has zero velocity, based on the definition of the meter? How can this be, when the embankment can be anywhere on earth, the solar system, the universe? Surely all of these locations can not be at zero velocity when they are in fact moving relative to each other?

The experiment you proposed inside the train car, involving fireing a light pulse simultaneously by using a taught string won't work. The best way to signal to each flashlight would be to use another beam of light, given the tools we have at our disposal here. This would again be the same as a two-way meassurement of the speed of light, and would not be able to differentiate between the speed of light being constant to all or only an absolute reference frame. In both cases the light beams would reach the midpoint of the car simultaneously, I should think.

@ both

You seem to not be able to agree on how to meassure simultaneity in one refrerence frame, let alone two. I would like to know if any of you have objecions to another method for determining whether or not two phenomena (lightning strokes) are simultaneous at two diferent places in the embankment reference frame:

Take two clocks at M and synchronize them. The clocks increments a counter at each tick.Transport the two clocks to A & B at identical speeds in oposite directions from M, ending up at the same distance from M. The clocks will record, at its location, whether or not there is a lightning stroke, and at what counter meassurement.

A lighning stroke is considered to be simultaneous if it happens at the same recorded count of the two clocks, which can be established by studying the clock records at your leasure, without having to rely on transferring the information back to M at the speed of light.

It seems to me that both of you should be able to agree to this method.

Could be wrong, though.
 
@DonQuixote, I agree it would be a shame for Pete to give up. I've had this conversation with MD before and came to my wit's end; I was hoping Pete would fare better

@Pete and MD, the novelty (in fact the very core) of Einstein's Relativity isn't about the speed of light, it's about the realization that we must ultimately use light to measure distance. If you analyzed this issue you may be able to make progress. MD is claiming that a stick or a wire would not contract due to absolute motion, but there are EM photons maintaining that molecular distance that MD is relying upon...
 
@ both


Take two clocks at M and synchronize them. The clocks increments a counter at each tick.Transport the two clocks to A & B at identical speeds in oposite directions from M, ending up at the same distance from M. The clocks will record, at its location, whether or not there is a lightning stroke, and at what counter meassurement.
.

You are assuming that transporting the clocks at identical speeds wrt M will maintain synchronization (slow clock transport). In "MD's world", this is not the case since the "absolute speeds" of the two clocks wrt some "absolute" frame are not the same. you need to study MD's world for a while. Then, you will understand why Pete gave up.
 
@....
The difference is how we understand the properties of light.
If the speed of light relative to an object is constant, regardless of the speed of the object, then Pete is right.
If the speed of light relative to an object depends on the speed of the object then Motor Daddy is right.

I agree with Motor Daddy.
For me it's a big difference between the meaning of the sentences:
"The speed of light is constant regardless of the speed of the source." and
"The speed of light relative to an object is constant, regardless of the speed of the object."
This I have demonstrated here.
 
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