“Actually, infrared photographs show that the hands have been modified, and close-up photography shows that pigment has been applied to the highlight areas of the face sufficiently heavily so as to obscure the texture of the cloth. There is also obvious cracking and flaking of paint all along a vertical seam, and the infrared photos reveal in the robe's fold what appear to be sketch lines, suggesting that an artist roughed out the figure before painting it.
Personally it doesn't really matter to me. It's a great picture none the less. I can't get my hands on the original infared reports online but I found some quotes that sugest the citation given by the atheist site is wrong. Juan Diego was canonized in 2002 after the infared reports and so there could not be a clear sign of forgery. Either way a non-biased site should at least present the quotes of a research paper against it being a forgery.
http://www.alienjigsaw.com/yk2/guadalup.html
This is the quote from the atheist site.
"The image itself also yields evidence of considerable borrowing. It is a traditional portrait of Mary, replete with standard artistic motifs and in fact clearly derived from earlier Spanish paintings. Yet some proponents of the image have suggested that the obvious artistic elements were later additions and that the "original" portions-the face, hands, robe, and mantle-are therefore "inexplicable" and even "miraculous" (Callahan 1981)."
Compared with
"What is even more astonishing is the fact that the image was not protected by a pane of glass during the first several centuries. It was preserved in a small, open but moist chapel and incessantly exposed to incense and the smoke of countless candle lights. Invalids have placed the tilma on their bodies, millions have touched it, and hundreds of thousands have kissed it. Pieces of jewelry and private belongings have been placed on it, as well as swords and sabers. A bio-physicist named Phillip Callahan from the University of Florida, measured the energy mass of the ultraviolet light of the candle lights in close proximity of the tilma in 1973. According to his investigation, the light emissions over the last 450 years should have destroyed the colors a long time ago. "Too intensive ultraviolet light blanches all the color pigments, whether they are organic or inorganic by nature. Blue will fade especially fast." (Callahan, 1981). Somehow, all the colors have survived to this day."
"In 1964, an analysis of the image itself was made by two photo experts from Kodak (Callahan, 1981). They determined that the image "definitely has the character of a photograph." An infrared examination by Philipp Callahan and Jody Smith in May 1979, showed the absence of a prepared canvas, as well as a ground-coat or a protective coat of varnish. "The infrared photographs do not show any brush marks, and the absence of any glue is obvious because of the many unfilled gaps which are visible in the material. Such a phenomenon is fantastic...It was found that the pink color on the image is able to let infrared light pass through. This is another mystery. Most pink pigments are normally impervious to infrared light, but this is not the case for those pigments on the image." (Callahan, 1981)."
Portrait artist Glenn Taylor has pointed out that the part in the Virgin's hair is off-center; that her eyes, including the irises, have outlines, as they often do in paintings, but not in nature, and that these outlines appear to have been done with a brush; and that much other evidence suggests the picture was probably copied by an inexpert artist from an expertly done original.
I've never heard of Glenn Taylor and certainly cannot find a citation here. The eyes appear to be studied by many artist though.
"In 1929, the Mexican photographer Alfonso Gonzales discovered that the eyes of the figure on the tilma were obviously reflecting a human face. He announced his discovery, but it was kept secret by the church and eventually was simply forgotten.
More than 30 years later on the 29th of May 1951, the illustrator Carlos Salinas examined an enlargement of the Madonna's face (on the tilma). Using a magnifying glass, he discovered that the pupil of the right eye contained the image of a bearded man. Consequently, the arch bishop of Mexico City established a committee of inquiry. On the 11th of December 1955, the members of this committee not only confirmed the discovery, but were also able to state that in all probability the face was that of Juan Diego.
Further examinations by oculists, opticians, and physicists showed further details. For example, the oculist Rafael Chavoignet stated (quoted in Johnston, 1981): "With the most possible carefulness I studied the eyes and, indeed, I observed the image of a man in the cornea of both eyes. The distortion on the position of the image is identical to what would be produced in a normal eye."
In fact, during a formal investigation of the cloth in 1556, it was stated that the image was "painted yesteryear by an Indian," specifically "the Indian painter Marcos." This was probably the Aztec painter Marcos Cipac de Aquino who was active in Mexico at the time the Image of Guadalupe appeared. “
http://www.csicop.org/sb/2002-06/guadalupe.html
I cannot find any source for this which is very odd. In complete honesty, I think that this site is forging it. I searched for two of these quotes and I came up with only two or so atheist sites.
http://www.google.com/search?q="pai...tnG=Google+Search&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8
http://www.google.com/search?q="The...tnG=Google+Search&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8
From this timeline it looks like they got the dates wrong of the formal investigation.
http://www.sancta.org/table.html It's typical that a bishop will be hestiant towards miracles.
Though fromi here it looks like there was canonical inquiry in 1556 by Montufar.
http://www.ewtn.com/library/MARY/CEGUADAL.HTM
As to the apparition of Mary; thousands of people saw lights of unknown origin and took them to be visions of Mary despite the lack of any detail that would suggest such identification. The accounts sound very much like those of UFO sightings in the US. As is typical with such things people tend interpret unidentified phenomenon according to cultural prejudice and other psychological influences. As the sightings took place over a Church named after Mary this influence is easily inferred; if the same ‘apparition’ were to take place over an English wheat field they would probably be claimed as alien spacecraft. The people saw something… just what it was is quite open to speculation.
I don't think so. It's hard to put a hoax together where you have the photograph evidence and the people who have seen her. The photograph clearly shows a woman and a dove.