When the Imperial Japanese Navy swooped over Pearl Harbor 65 years ago and destroyed more than 2,400 American lives, Mas Yamasaki was watching a church basketball game in Sacramento.
He was 12, and he didn't know that he would soon live in a detention camp at Tule Lake -- sleeping on an Army-issued mattress, braving the elements without indoor plumbing or heat.
The child of Japanese immigrants, Yamasaki was born an American citizen. But he spent 31/2 years of his American childhood in the camp -- he was considered a threat to national security.
The internment of Japanese immigrants is familiar to most Americans -- in large part, because Yamasaki and legions of Japanese camp survivors have made their voices heard.
Now, Yamasaki and other survivors are speaking out against a new danger.
"We were stereotyped," said Yamasaki. "Now, with the Muslims, it's the same thing. Everyone's pointing fingers saying they're an enemy."
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor stripped Japanese Americans of their homes and freedom. But five years ago, the actions of 19 hijackers radically altered the lives of the county's estimated 6 million Muslims.
"Pearl Harbor gave the United States the excuse to discriminate against Japanese Americans by saying these guysare potential saboteurs," said Steve Okamoto, co-president of the San Mateo chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL). "Now, they're lumping (Muslims) together like they did with the Japanese."
Okamoto, 65, was only 6 weeks old when he and his family were shipped from their home to the Tanforan Racetrack in San Bruno and later to the Topaz internment camp in Utah.
After 9/11, Okamoto and other members of the JACL were the first non-Muslims to speak out against the swirling dust storm of anti- Muslim hate speech. Okamoto since has helped coordinate JACL forums with Muslim Americans to speak out on the dangerous excesses of stereotyping -- both past and present.
Although Muslim Americans face stereotyping and spying, many of the most blatant victims of negative typecasting are Muslims on extended visits to the country. After 9/11, more than 1,000 men from Muslim countries were detained, mostly on immigration charges. Many of those charged were later deported.
In 2002 and 2003, Muslim men and boys living in the United States from about 20 countries were told to register with immigration officials under the threat of deportation.
But some Muslim Americans say they don't feel discriminated against.
Imam Abdurrahman Anwar is the younger brother of Imam Tahir Anwar. He is also the religious director of the Muslim Community Association of the Peninsula, a mosque and community center in Belmont. Unlike his brother, Imam Abdurrahman Anwar has not encountered much racial profiling and discrimination. People in the Bay Area, he said, are more enlightened and understanding. When Anwar, 22, walks around town with his beard and his "thobe" (an ankle-length gown worn by Muslims), he gets friendly inquiries about his faith alongside the stares.
But some members of his congregation are not so fortunate.
On a recent evening, Imad Kadoumi, 48, sat on the mosque's carpeted floor and chatted about his experiences in the nation's airports -- flying while Muslim.
"When I go anywhere in the world, because of my U.S. passport, they treat me like a king," said Kadoumi, who lives in Belmont. "And when I come home to my country, they treat me like (expletive)."
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4176/is_20061218/ai_n16895390/print
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