Before refuting your post, perhaps we should try a new tack, Baron. perhaps you could define what a "duel" is. What do you see as the characteristics of a duel? You seem to me at times to be referring to classical "duels of honor" and later referring to little more than a bar fight and without all the formalism of the classical duel.
Is a "duel" in your eyes just one guy saying, "Let's fight" and the other responding "Okay!" followed by an immediate fight. Should be notice? A chance for reflection? Witnesses? Who chooses the weapons/form of the duel? If the challenged person were to say "I choose to box you, " why would that be unacceptable?
Not everything must have a positive influence on society. And by the way, which "society" are you talking about?
I was implicitly using it in reference to "western culture" in general (and then in other instances, I was using it to mean modern western culture, the one where most people have rejected lethal dueling as immoral.)
For purposes of your providing a counter example, where dueling was a positive (or at least "non-negative") economic and/or social influence, though, feel free to select any culture, oriental, occidental or other.
And yet duels of all kinds were fought well into the 1900s. In New York City and Boston, duels were banned by the hoity-toity control groups, yet in the frontier west, they were still trying to kill off the savages or throw them into reservations, ....and duels were fought openly on the streets.
And yet those fights were still illegal. The Old West was not exactly like it is portrayed in the movies. Shooting a man because he insulted you was murder, even in the territories. You might get away with it, but that's because the legal system is imperfect, and authorities sometimes do not enforce the law against everyone. Say a man catches his wife in bed with his best friend, and shoots him dead without warning, that is definitely *not* a "duel," and yet many a man has gotten away with just that. The Old West did not have a "gunfight a day" even in the most lawless areas, medieval Madrid did go through a period where by some estimates 5-10 young nobles were dying
a day from dueling before the Counsel of Trent started threatening participants with excommunication.
Dueling was separately criminalized after that, and it wasn't exactly "the hoity-toity" who banned it, sort of...or rather it was the hoity-toity who banned it, but it was only the hoity-toity who were allowed to duel in the first place. Dueling was usually only for the aristocracy. If Joe Peasant met with Bob the Miller to duel, usually both would be in trouble with the law if caught, even in those periods when dueling
was legal, because it was a privilege of the aristocracy and men-at-arms. (The rule in America was slightly different since we had no nobility, but in the U.S. it was still considered unseemly for people of different social classes to duel, and completely inappropriate for an upper class person to challenge a lower class person to a duel.)
Since typically only aristocrats were allowed to challenge people to duels anyway, it makes sense that the aristocracy would be the ones to criminalize it. Also, you should know that duels were not banned all at once. At first attempts were made to limit the "stupid duels." One of the reasons duels were considered to be for the aristocrats only was that the commoners were considered to be not sophisticated enough to use the privilege properly. That restriction aside, there were various attempts to make it illegal to duel over women unless the women consented, limit duels over trivial sums of money (Louis VII, for example, banned duels over sums of less than five sous around 1160 A.D.), and even codes that prescribed what sorts of insults were not cause enough to warrant a challenge.
Then those same/similar hoity-toity folks of NYC and Boston came out west and ....yep, tried to mold THAT society into what they felt was proper. See? It's all about control ...controlling the thoughts, the actions, the emotions, the very way of life, of other people in other areas. And you think that's a good thing?
You misunderstand the history. Dueling was never legal in America, not in the East, not in the west. People didn't move from the East and then criminalize it. What happened dueling was *always* illegal under English common law (even before Jamestown was settled)./* Jamestown imported English common law with them (as did the rest of British North America). English law was in fact far more strict on duelists than continental law, since in England the laws against dueling were actually strictly enforced. Even challenging another person to a duel was a crime (called "incitement")./** (In France, in contrast, even after duels were banned the king would usually liberally grant pardons to those involved, so prosecutions became increasingly rare over time.) As a result, duels were far less common in Britain than in other European nations.
------
/* Except as in the course of a criminal trial, when trial by combat was still technically allowed. That said, though it remained on the books, in actual practice trial by combat stopped in English and colonial law before Jamestown was founded. American law after the revolution never recognized the right.
/** The great (perhaps greatest ever) English lawyer William Blackstone clearly indicated that in English law if you killed someone in a duel, not only were you guilty of murder, but so was your second, and
so was the second of the man you killed, stating in his 1765 Commentaries on the Laws of England: "...in the case of deliberate duelling, where both parties meet avowedly with an intent to murder; thinking it their duty, as gentlemen, and claiming it as their right, to wanton with their own lives and those of their fellow creatures; without any warrant or authority from any power either divine or human, but in direct contradiction to the laws both of God and man; and therefore the law has justly fixed the crime and punishment of murder, on them, and on their seconds also." That's how harsh English law was on the practice.
------
When people moved west from the East Coast, so long as they remained within the bounds jurisdiction of British (or later, American) law—within the states, the territories, colonies or other controlled lands—they remained subject to their British common law or American law,
both of which criminalized dueling.
Sure, where the law was difficult to enforce, sometimes it wasn't (that was true with laws against dueling as well as every other law, murder and theft included, and I assume you don't extol the virtues of the proud Western tradition of cattle rustling), but what changed was *not* Easterners consciously "changing" the West, what happened was the laws simply became easier to enforce as the regions were increasingly developed and prosperous. In the local population disagreed with the enforcement, they could have tried to get the law changed and dueling legalized.
If your theory were right, the territorial or state legislatures were (and still are) always free to formally legalize dueling (all they had to do was legalize it before the darned Easterners showed up). No American legislature ever did.
How do you think World War II would have been if, BEFORE the war, some Englishman challenged Hitler to a duel? Had Hitler backed down, he'd have been the laughing stock of his own people.
Baron Max
Come on. First, why would Hitler back down if that were the consequence? Even if he were a coward (and I have no idea if he was or not) he would accept the duel, then have you killed by his fellow larty members before the duel.
In effect, you have proven that violence and the threat of violence can sometimes be applied in ways that produce positive benefits, which I have never denied. You could just as easily posit "What if an Englishman murdered Hitler" to justify why murder is a good thing. You could also flip the argument, "What is someone had challenged Martin Luther Kind Jr. to a duel, humiliating him"?
In any event, it's a long way from “violence is sometimes good" to "therefore we should encourage more of it." Alongside the socially beneficial violence, there's also the detrimental kind , and the history of dueling is such that I do not think you can expect more of the former than you'll get of the latter. Even in the highly regulated (but legal) forms of dueling that existed in Renaissance (and later) continental Europe, dueling always seemed to produce more of the latter than the former.
It's not that dueling is a concept that was never given a fair chance. It was tried for a very long time. Then it was tried in regulated form for a long time. Then in even more regulated form. Then it was prohibited entirely.
It has an intuitive pull because we all
want to fight someone from time to time, but in practice those fights do more harm than good over all. That's not my judgment, it is the judgment of history. That is only plausible way to explain nearly universal legal prohibition on duels of honor...as it certainly was not that liberals swept through every single legislature in the western world over the course of a millennium and forced their opinion on everyone. Liberals aren't that well organized.