Pocahontas' birth year is unknown, but some historians estimate it to have been around 1596.
[1] In
A True Relation of Virginia (1608), Smith described the Pocahontas he met in the spring of 1608 as being "a child of ten years old".
[8] In a letter written in 1616, he again described her as she was in 1608, but this time as "a child of twelve or thirteen years of age".
[9]
Pocahontas was the daughter of
Chief Powhatan, paramount chief of
Tsenacommacah, an alliance of about thirty
Algonquian-speaking groups and petty chiefdoms in
Tidewater, Virginia.
[10] Her mother's name and origins are unknown but she was probably of lowly status. The colonist
Henry Spelman, who had lived among the Powhatan as an interpreter, noted that when one of the paramount chief's many wives gave birth to a child, the mother was returned to her place of origin, to be supported there by the paramount chief until she found another husband.
[11] In the traditional histories of the Powhatan, Pocahontas' mother died in childbirth.
[12][13] An oral history of the Mattaponi Reservation Peoples, who are descendants of the Powhatan peoples, claims that Pocahontas' mother was first wife of Powhatan, and that Pocahontas was named after her.
[14]
Pocahontas' childhood was probably little different from that of most girls who lived in Tsenacommacah. She would have learned how to perform what was considered to be women's work, which included foraging for food and firewood, farming, and searching for the plant materials used in building thatched houses.
[15] As she grew older, she would have helped other members of Powhatan's household with preparations for large feasts.
[13] Serving feasts, such as the one presented to John Smith after his capture, was a regular obligation of the
Mamanatowick, or paramount chief.
[16]