I don't like the question.
The evidence for evolution can be obtained from the following except A. fossil B. anatomy C. history D. embryology E. taxonomy
'Evolution' of what, exactly? 'Evolution' just means change over time. Biological lines of descent evolve, but so do physical systems, stars, geological formations, storms, societies...
From looking at the proposed answers, it's apparently biological evolution of species natural selection that's being discussed.
Fossils, anatomy and embryology are probably fine. Perhaps the author should have put in an option referring to genomics.
History and taxonomy do seem to be the problematic options here. And as you suggest, the biggest problem with this question is that a plausible case can probably be made for either of those.
If I was taking a timed multiple choice text that included this question, I'd just take a guess between taxonomy and history and quickly move on to the next question.
(The way to maximize your score on timed multiple choice tests is to do what you are already doing. Answer the ones that you know, and for the ones you don't know, eliminate possibilities, guess, then forget the question and rapidly move on. Never leave anything blank and complete the test, because even if you're guessing, eliminating most of the possibilities gives you a decent probability of being right a lot of the time.)
Rhaedas' point is very good. I'm inclined to agree with him that taxonomy might be the answer the question's author intended to be the incorrect one.
Of course, it depends on how the taxonomy was generated. There's cladistics and stuff. You can pour lots of raw data into a computer and have it generate taxonomies using various algorithms, and the resulting charts should count as evidence. But somehow, I don't think that the question's author was thinking of that.
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/clad/clad1.html
And Rav's point is very good good too. History does give us evidence of evolution when we are looking at organisms that reproduce very rapidly, like bacteria. As he says, drug resistance is the classic example. Bacteria are evolving as we speak to thwart our medical therapies.
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/medicine_03
The trouble is, the question's author might not have been thinking about that either. When students have to start psychoanalyzing their teachers to figure out what they might have been thinking about when they wrote a particular exam question, it's clearly a badly written question.