You can't see anything unless light comes from what you see and enters your eye. What's this "observation of a journey" idea you have?
If you see a beam of light passing through a prism, it is because some of the light is scattered out of the prism towards your eye. Take another example: laser beams. You can't see a laser beam at all unless there is dust in the air that scatters some of the light towards your eye.
Or, forget lasers and think about the light from a flashlight shone into the sky. Can you see the beam of the flashlight? If so, it is only because dust in the air is scattering some of the light out of the beam and towards your eye. Put smoke through the beam and you get more scattering and you see the beam more clearly. Shine the beam in a clean room and you won't see it at all until it hits a wall or object, in which case it is the wall or object scattering the light back to your eye.
There is no "observation of a journey". You only see light if it comes straight towards your eye and hits your retina.
Do you see the problem with that idea now? You only see a rainbow if light comes from the rainbow and enters your eye. So, what happens in a rainbow? What happens is that light from the sun (always behind you, notice), hits water droplets in the air and is reflected by them back towards your eye.
Wrong. You're watching light bounce through and off water droplets in front of you. The light travels in straight lines from the sun to the droplets, then back to your eye.
What circle?