Judith Tucker's rewarding study of Islamic law in seventeenth and eighteenth-century Syria and Palestine titled "In the House of the Law," talks about a period when Muslim legal thinkers gave considerable attention to women's roles in society, and Tucker shows how fatwas, or legal opinions, greatly influenced these roles. She challenges prevailing views on Islam and gender, revealing Islamic law to have been more fluid and flexible than previously thought.. In the book Tucker studies court records from Ottoman-Syria and concludes:
1. The Shariah courts were available and popular with women
2. The courts took upon themselves the task of defending women's Islamic rights against the vagaries of custom. For example they would insist on her right to a share of the inheritance or her right to refuse a marriage proposal against her family's or communities desires.
3obtaining a divorce was easy for women who could prove one of the following:
-mental abuse
-sexual incompatibility
-the mistreatment of her family
-abandonment for a year's time
These conditions are no longer applied in the modern shari'a family courts.