Atheism, theism and jelly beans

Obviously you haven't been paying attention to what goes on around here.

There's you, for starters. What do you think you just did?
Nope. I remember Prometheus or some Greek god mod who I thought owned this site, but are you the owner?
 
I'm not the owner. I'm an administrator.

But you've missed two relevant points. One: people question the things I say and do here on a regular basis. You're free to do so, too, provided you abide by the site rules. Two: in the first instance, I was not commenting on foghorn's display in any official capacity, but rather as a member of this forum who is as entitled to express an opinion on such things as any other member.

foghorn has not been moderated for his behaviour. I was simply wondering whether he'd do the decent thing. Apparently, he won't, so I guess we'll leave it there unless you have something you want to add, davewhite04.
 
You put forward a similar scenario with respect to God, asking if I would accept evidence of God is it was as mundane as the evidence for a tomato. The answer is yes, I would. But the problem is that the evidence that people put forward for God is not of the same kind as the evidence for a tomato. God is not tangible. We are supposed to rely on such things as personal revelation, inner feelings, authorities telling us about God and so on, to infer that God is real, and the problem with that is that none of these things is a particularly reliable route to objective evidence. If I doubt your God, you can't go to the shop and fetch one to show me.
And that's the problem of "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." Even if someone were to tell you that God was as ordinary as the people you meet everyday, you'd likely believe that God should be more than that. So either way, you would not accept any tomato-like evidence for God. Either the evidence is not extraordinary enough or the description of God isn't extraordinary enough. It's a criteria that insulates itself with incredulity.

There's another problem with God. The problem is that different people tell us lots of different things about God: what he or she is like, where he or she lives, what he or she wants, what he or she does in the world, etc. It's as if different people were to describe a tomato variously as blue, red, white and polka-dotted. With no clear consensus on what is being described, it's hard to nail the thing down and decide what particular evidences will indicate the presence of a tomato.
Yes, the descriptions can be as numerous and unique as the different people who espouse it. What is being described is a belief, not a material object. Most reasonable people accept the fact that someone claims to believe something, even if they do not themselves. Whether that's their favorite food or belief in a God. There's no consensus on favorite food either, and some preferences can be almost as vexing.

Then we come to the extraordinary claims made about Gods (as opposed to tomatoes). Gods supposedly have unique abilities and properties, possessed by nothing else in our experience. In many cases there are no good analogies we can draw to make a useful comparison between what is already known about the world and what is to be proven about the postulated God. That is not, however, true in all cases. For instance, God is often claimed to be the causal agent of various occurrences. We know something about how causes can work, and about what agents are and what they typically do. But when it comes to a god, suddenly we're confronted with an agent unlike any other. This agent can supposedly cause things in such a way that we can't verify that the god was the cause. Moreover, this agent, we are told, can and does act contrary to the natural laws we have discovered govern everything else we know about.
Sure there are analogies. Humanity as a whole has impacts we cannot conclusively attribute to it. A God cannot really act contrary to natural laws it originated, as it would be contradicting itself. What's more likely is that those claims express unknowns in the natural laws themselves.

I concede that it is quite possible to believe in a God who is free to break all the rules, who can be whatever is required to get whatever job done that you require of him/her/it. You can mentally compartmentalise your requirements so that on one side of a partition there are the rules that apply to everything "ordinary" while on the other side there's a completely different set of rules that apply to the god and any other beings or forces that you believe operate supernaturally in the world. But that seems like an arbitrary and ad hoc assumption, and I don't personally see any necessity to make it.
I don't either, as I said above. Much more parsimonious to accept the pretty obvious fact that we don't understand all natural laws.

I'm glad that you recognise that your reasons may not be compelling to others. So many theists - at least the ones who come to sciforums to argue with atheists - are apparently unable to admit that. You get brownie points for that in my book.
Many on either side of that debate seem incapable of seeing things from the other's viewpoint.

What I wonder, though, is why you would attribute something like morality to a god, when you're aware of alternative natural explanations. One reason might be that you don't find the secular hypotheses convincing; that could be an interesting discussion to have with you. Another possibility is that this stuff about morality and the fact that religion is common in the world are secondary reasons why you believe in God, rather than being your primary reasons. I wouldn't be at all surprised to learn that you came to believe in God for entirely different reasons than these and that since you came to your belief you have found these additional reasons that appear to fit your worldview.

...I can't argue against a gut feeling, other than to say that gut feelings aren't always reliable indicators of truth.
The natural explanations of morality originated solely as in-group mechanisms and do not explain why such study results correlate so well with religious notions. Yes, I said anecdotal experience is a factor, and those are even less compelling, because they are personal, subjective experience. As an analogy, I'm a bit colorblind. So for example, I experience a particular color as pink but others see it as orange. Knowing I am colorblind and that many people agree that it is orange doesn't change my experience. But neither would it convince anyone else of my viewpoint on the matter.

It's not just a "gut feeling"; it's reality, as I experience it.
 
I don't think so. I'm willing to concede that some believers have more nuanced views about the afterlife and so on, but I'm also confident that there are plenty of believers out there who really do think that this earthly life is more or less just a rehearsal for the everlasting life hereafter.
Then you labor under a false belief, which doesn't bode well when trying to argue that religion may be a false belief. Such an argument may be justification for otherwise unjustifiable subjective belief or person experience.
Even the most devout have goals for this life, whether that's to raise their children, get promoted at work, buy a house, boat, etc.. Since happiness is strongly correlated to having achievable goals and the religious regularly rate as happier, it would seem baseless to claim that the religious have no goals for this life. Or do the religious feel that they actually achieve something, in this life, due to their beliefs? Either way, they aren't some alien species, devoid of basic needs of human psychology.

Suppose we take the idea of heaven seriously. Suppose that, in line with some Christian teachings, God will judge us on what we do in our limited time on Earth, and we only get one shot at that. Then we are to believe that in the 80 years we have available on earth - often less, sometimes much less - we must act wisely enough to determine our entire infinite future in the afterlife. Put a foot wrong and we risk being condemned to torment in a purpose-built Hell for all eternity. On the other hand, qualification for entry to eternal paradise can be absurdly simple. You might just need to accept the correct person (Jesus, say) as your personal savior, in which case whatever else you might do in life will be forgiven.
That (bolded) is a straw man. There is only one purported unforgivable sin, so every other mistake can be made without any permanent threat to one's eternity. Personally, I think heaven or hell can exist here on earth. Both are mental states.

But that's a detour into specific beliefs surrounding a particular God, rather than a discussion about God itself or in general. In which case, that a-theism would be more appropriately termed a-Christianity. And that would raise the question of if those who are a-Christianity merely don't agree or actually think it's false, as an analog to your argument about atheists, merely not believing rather than believing a God doesn't exist.

It doesn't really make much sense, does it? Surely an omniscient God, in his infinite wisdom, will already know whether any given person is destined for heaven or hell. What difference could a historical eye-blink of a mortal life possibly have on any decision God might make regarding an eternity for the immortal soul? Also, what loving God would judge us, with all our limitations and our paltry knowledge, and come to an irrevocable decision regarding our place in heaven or hell? Also, why all this mucking around with the mortal life anyway? Why doesn't God just skip to the chase and put his subjects where he wants them in the first place?
That's like assuming you can just force any addict into rehab and forever cure them of their addiction. Rehab requires a desire to get clean. A desire that is not inborn and only has the potential to manifest itself once certain circumstances have obtained. Free will necessitates that God allow the individual to realize things for themselves, like the movie Inception, where a person knows the genesis of an idea. It's not a "decision God might make"; it's a decision only each individual can make. Whether God can predict the outcome is completely immaterial to the necessities of the subjective process.

The Holy Spirit is the human conscience, and as such, the judgement is between the person and their own inner voice.
Again, are you arguing against theism in general or Christianity specifically?

But God could do that himself, and far more effectively. What's so great about free will that it justifies all this earthly suffering?
If I really have to explain why freedom is a good thing, so much so that humans have chosen to die for it throughout history, I'm afraid no argument I could make will enlighten you. May be a blind spot of living in the most free and prosperous time in human history.

It seems to me that karma is an excuse that some people make in order to justify the status quo. If you're having a hard life, it's your fault: you should have tried harder to be good in your previous life. If, on the other hand, you're having a good life, then it's because you deserve it - not because of anything you did in this life, but because of choice you supposedly made in past lives. The bottom line is: whatever you get, for good or ill, you deserve it, even if it seems unjust given how this life has played out for you so far in comparison to the lives of others who seem more or less worthy than you.
If life seems unjust to you, your attitude is quite directly attracting more perceived injustice. That's not a result of a past life; that's the result of your current thinking and mental state. The status quo would be to deny that and continue to live as a victim. The lesson of karma is that our belief and behavior have an impact on our experience and perceptions. You seem to only view karma as a judgement on others, which is the furthest from its intent. Only when it is internalized can people use it to make positive changes in their current lives. Karma isn't some kind of inescapable curse under which you are destined to live out your days. It is always actionable.

I think you're wrong. I think that, in fact, there are plenty of believers who can't wait to be rid of this life and who look longingly towards an imagined better time in an afterlife or in the next life.
And that is your own unjustified belief. In my direct experience, I've never seen such a person to actually exist in the real world. Perhaps you should expose yourself to more religious people.

I think that belief in an afterlife has very real impacts on what people do or do not do in this life.
Certainly. Might as well just be fantasizing if a belief has no impact on your life.

I agree with you that fear of Hell or a "bad" reincarnation might motivate some people to do good. A promise of heaven or a better future life can also motivate people to strive for better. But notice that, ultimately, these motivations are selfish. I think it is better to help other people because it's the right thing to do, not because I expect a God to reward me in return. A God that tries to compel moral behaviour by means of a carrot or a stick is not a loving God.
I never said either. And how does human selfishness tell us anything about the existence of God? Again, are you arguing atheism or a-Christianity?
The possibility for a reward is not mutually exclusive to a genuine desire to do the right thing, nor is understanding that choices have consequences selfish. But since the religious give more to charity, the outcome is an objective good, regardless of motive.

Again, God gives people the choice to make themselves. It would be compelled if God's existence were an obvious, objective fact or God just sorted them out without any choice. Saying there are positive and negative consequences for our actions and choices is a fact of life. Just because you don't seem to like how that is expressed doesn't make it any less true.
 
But that's a detour into specific beliefs surrounding a particular God, rather than a discussion about God itself or in general. In which case, that a-theism would be more appropriately termed a-Christianity. And that would raise the question of if those who are a-Christianity merely don't agree or actually think it's false, as an analog to your argument about atheists, merely not believing rather than believing a God doesn't exist.

Seriously, do atheists who seem to equate theism in general with Christianity, so much that they might as well be called a-Christianity, merely disagree with Christianity or actual believe it is false?
If the latter, that would seem to undermine the claims of the OP. Either an atheist can separate theism from every specific religion (one not weighing on the other), they merely don't espouse religious beliefs just as they merely don't believe a God exists, or they believe some/all religions are false and cannot extricate that belief from an equally committed belief that a God does not exist.
 
Seriously, do atheists who seem to equate theism in general with Christianity, so much that they might as well be called a-Christianity, merely disagree with Christianity or actual believe it is false?
I think I commented earlier on the thing about focussing on Christianity. I think that often has to do with (a) the background of the atheist, and (b) the particular religion being espoused by the the atheist's interlocutors.

Speaking for myself, I do not believe in any Gods. My non-belief is by no means restricted to non-belief in the Christian God. I also don't believe in Allah and Zeus and Vishnu and Shiva and Thor and Baal, or any of the other ones. As for Christianity, I think that many of its claims have been pretty much falsified at this point, which would make it false. That's a separate discussion, though, from the one that is the subject of this thread. Christianity makes many more claims than just the claim that a God exists. A lot of those claims are quite specific, and some are testable. Of course, it's also important to recognise that there's not just one Christianity; every denomination has its only specific beliefs and articles of faith that aren't necessarily shared by other Christian denominations. This is true to such an extent that it's impossible to tell much about what a person's specific beliefs are if they merely identify themselves as Christian.

If the latter, that would seem to undermine the claims of the OP. Either an atheist can separate theism from every specific religion (one not weighing on the other), they merely don't espouse religious beliefs just as they merely don't believe a God exists, or they believe some/all religions are false and cannot extricate that belief from an equally committed belief that a God does not exist.
If there is no God, then it follows automatically that religions that assert the existence of a God must be false (at least in that respect). On the other hand, showing that a particular religious belief is false is not the same as proving there is no God.
 
Seriously, do atheists who seem to equate theism in general with Christianity, so much that they might as well be called a-Christianity, merely disagree with Christianity or actual believe it is false?
I think I commented earlier on the thing about focussing on Christianity. I think that often has to do with (a) the background of the atheist, and (b) the particular religion being espoused by the the atheist's interlocutors.
Atheism is not defined as a disbelief in a particular God. So any atheist that needs to resort to particular religious claims, as opposed to just theism or it's types (mono-, poly-, pan-, etc.), is actually lending those claims some degree of credence, which would seem to belie any anti-religious stance. And why would an atheist lend religious claims credence unless they had some doubt as to the existence of God?

Speaking for myself, I do not believe in any Gods. My non-belief is by no means restricted to non-belief in the Christian God. I also don't believe in Allah and Zeus and Vishnu and Shiva and Thor and Baal, or any of the other ones. As for Christianity, I think that many of its claims have been pretty much falsified at this point, which would make it false. That's a separate discussion, though, from the one that is the subject of this thread. Christianity makes many more claims than just the claim that a God exists. A lot of those claims are quite specific, and some are testable. Of course, it's also important to recognise that there's not just one Christianity; every denomination has its only specific beliefs and articles of faith that aren't necessarily shared by other Christian denominations. This is true to such an extent that it's impossible to tell much about what a person's specific beliefs are if they merely identify themselves as Christian.
Can you point me to a post detailing these falsified and testable claims? These are usually naive, literal, or mischaracterized readings of the claims erected as straw men.

If there is no God, then it follows automatically that religions that assert the existence of a God must be false (at least in that respect). On the other hand, showing that a particular religious belief is false is not the same as proving there is no God.
Using an anti-religious stance to bolster your atheism undermines it, making it anti-theism (the positive belief that "there is no God"). Since your OP claimed that atheists are not claiming that "there is no God", I'm not sure why you would argue against particular religious claims, as of they address your atheism.

Seems, to me, that you're either lending those particular religious claims more credence that an anti-religious stance would allow, or that you've come to atheism by way of anti-religion and only later adopted the non-anti-theism definition of atheism as an easier argument to make. Either way, atheist and anti-religious arguments don't really mix. Only anti-theism and anti-religion are consistent with each other. An atheist (disbelief in a God) should have a consistent stance on religion in general, other than particular claims.
 
Vociferous:

Atheism is not defined as a disbelief in a particular God. So any atheist that needs to resort to particular religious claims, as opposed to just theism or it's types (mono-, poly-, pan-, etc.), is actually lending those claims some degree of credence, which would seem to belie any anti-religious stance. And why would an atheist lend religious claims credence unless they had some doubt as to the existence of God?
Atheism, as the idea that there are no Gods, stands in opposition to theistic claims that one or more gods exist.

If we accept that theists believe they have good reason to accept that their preferred god(s) exist, then it would seem to me to be incumbent on the atheist to point out the flaws in the theists' reasoning on the matter.

It would be possible for a theist to say "I believe in God just because." and be done with it, I suppose. Maybe some theists actually do that - just believe there is a God without thinking it through at all. Similarly, I guess it would be possible for an atheist to say "I dismiss the notion that there are any gods as ridiculous on its face, just because."

It seems to me that you're arguing for incivility among atheists, for some reason. From where I stand, if a theist gives me what he believes are good reasons for him to believe in his god, basic good manners demands that I consider his position and his claims. If I want to engage with him at all on the question, it is not good form for me to dismiss all claims that he makes out of hand. If I am to dismiss his claims to his face then in good conscience I ought to be able to give reasons for my dismissal.

Acknowledging that an argument is being put does not equate to acceptance of the validity of that argument or to, as you put it, lending credence to the argument.

For comparison, suppose you are talking to somebody who believes the world is flat rather than spherical. Your belief that the Earth is round is not defined as a disbelief that the Earth is flat, even though that is an obvious implication of your belief. To give reasons why the Earth is not flat is not to lend credence to flat-earth claims. At best, there is acknowledgment that to justify one's belief that the world is round, one ought to be able to address the counterclaim that the world is flat.

Can you point me to a post detailing these falsified and testable claims?
I think if you really want to discuss the validity of Christianity's testable claims, that would best be done in a separate thread. There have, in fact, been numerous discussions on this forum in the past relating to specific claims. I am surprised to learn you are unaware of them. For instance, there has been some discussion about whether Jesus Christ was, in fact, a historical figure, as opposed to a fictional character. I hope you will admit that the historicity of Jesus is an in-principle testable claim that Christianity makes. Historians and religious scholars sometimes dedicate their careers to testing such claims.

There are plenty of other testable claims. For instance, most Christians would hold that God answers prayers, at least some of the time. Yet there have some scientific tests of the efficacy of prayer in life-or-death situations, and the results have been consistent with the null hypothesis (i.e. that supernatural intervention did not occur following prayer).

Perhaps, if you want to discuss this sort of thing further, you might like to start your own thread setting out some testable claims that your own Christian belief encompasses regarding Christ or God. Then we could discuss whether the evidence in a specific case supports your claims of supernatural involvement. This is assuming that you think that Christianity does make testable claims. Maybe you think it doesn't?

I should also say that I get the impression you're trying to shift the burden of proof here, too. For example, as a Christian you believe that Jesus died and rose from the dead, I assume. That is, you believe that really happened, more or less as described in the gospels, and that the story is not just a foundation myth of your religion, or similar. In my experience, people do not rise from the dead, so it seems to me that it is you who ought to provide some pretty convincing reasons why we ought to believe that Jesus bucked the observed trend. It is not up to me to prove that it never happened. You don't get your God by default.

An atheist (disbelief in a God) should have a consistent stance on religion in general, other than particular claims.
I don't really understand what you perceive as inconsistent regarding my stance on religion in general. It seems to me that my stance is that there's no good evidence that gods - of any religion - exist. One particular claim that I reject is the claim that there is good evidence that the Christian God exists, which is consistent with my general position. Another particular claim that I reject is that there is good evidence that Zeus exists, which is also consistent. And so on and so forth. Where's the inconsistency?
 
Atheism is not defined as a disbelief in a particular God.
Atheism, as the idea that there are no Gods, stands in opposition to theistic claims that one or more gods exist.
Didn't I JUST say that?
If we accept that theists believe they have good reason to accept that their preferred god(s) exist, then it would seem to me to be incumbent on the atheist to point out the flaws in the theists' reasoning on the matter.
...
It seems to me that you're arguing for incivility among atheists, for some reason. From where I stand, if a theist gives me what he believes are good reasons for him to believe in his god, basic good manners demands that I consider his position and his claims. If I want to engage with him at all on the question, it is not good form for me to dismiss all claims that he makes out of hand. If I am to dismiss his claims to his face then in good conscience I ought to be able to give reasons for my dismissal.
Except that you've pointed out flaws in some Christian's claims to me, even though I never espoused them. That would make that a straw man, at best.

Acknowledging that an argument is being put does not equate to acceptance of the validity of that argument or to, as you put it, lending credence to the argument.

For comparison, suppose you are talking to somebody who believes the world is flat rather than spherical. Your belief that the Earth is round is not defined as a disbelief that the Earth is flat, even though that is an obvious implication of your belief. To give reasons why the Earth is not flat is not to lend credence to flat-earth claims. At best, there is acknowledgment that to justify one's belief that the world is round, one ought to be able to address the counterclaim that the world is flat.
Again, you're conflating theism with religion, where I have not argued the latter. Since you've said that atheism does not imply that belief in the existence of a God is false, your analogy can only apply to religion. Now if you were to then argue against someone's flat-earth claim in order to show that the Earth may not exist, as you are doing with religion and theism, then you would be lending the flat-earther some credence. You'd be admitting that his claims about superficial features of the thing has a valid bearing on the existence of the thing. IOW, his superficial claims would have to be true for your rebuttal of them to also mean his existential claim is false. Otherwise, it's only his superficial claims you are rebutting.
I think if you really want to discuss the validity of Christianity's testable claims, that would best be done in a separate thread. There have, in fact, been numerous discussions on this forum in the past relating to specific claims. I am surprised to learn you are unaware of them.
Thought you'd be aware of any that addressed any of the claims you had in mind, which is why I asked.
For instance, there has been some discussion about whether Jesus Christ was, in fact, a historical figure, as opposed to a fictional character. I hope you will admit that the historicity of Jesus is an in-principle testable claim that Christianity makes. Historians and religious scholars sometimes dedicate their careers to testing such claims.

There are plenty of other testable claims. For instance, most Christians would hold that God answers prayers, at least some of the time. Yet there have some scientific tests of the efficacy of prayer in life-or-death situations, and the results have been consistent with the null hypothesis (i.e. that supernatural intervention did not occur following prayer).
The historicity of Jesus is well-worn and since proving a null hypothesis isn't possible, it wouldn't likely find compelling evidence either way. So, in principle testable, but not feasibly.
I'm not so sure what efficacy prayer should demonstrate. Certainly not the "name it and claim it" sort of "prosperity gospel".
Perhaps, if you want to discuss this sort of thing further, you might like to start your own thread setting out some testable claims that your own Christian belief encompasses regarding Christ or God.
I'm not a Christian.
Then we could discuss whether the evidence in a specific case supports your claims of supernatural involvement.
I don't really think it's supernatural.
This is assuming that you think that Christianity does make testable claims. Maybe you think it doesn't?
Oh, I assume it does. But apologetics of beliefs I don't espouse can only go so far.
I should also say that I get the impression you're trying to shift the burden of proof here, too. For example, as a Christian you believe that Jesus died and rose from the dead, I assume.
Not Christian, and not literally.
That is, you believe that really happened, more or less as described in the gospels, and that the story is not just a foundation myth of your religion, or similar. In my experience, people do not rise from the dead, so it seems to me that it is you who ought to provide some pretty convincing reasons why we ought to believe that Jesus bucked the observed trend. It is not up to me to prove that it never happened. You don't get your God by default.
Of course. Only widely shared experience is the default null hypothesis.
I don't really understand what you perceive as inconsistent regarding my stance on religion in general. It seems to me that my stance is that there's no good evidence that gods - of any religion - exist. One particular claim that I reject is the claim that there is good evidence that the Christian God exists, which is consistent with my general position. Another particular claim that I reject is that there is good evidence that Zeus exists, which is also consistent. And so on and so forth. Where's the inconsistency?
It's inconsistent to claim Christian beliefs are FALSE and use them to argue against the existence of a God, only to hedge about making as forceful a claim about the God's existence. IOW, you refute a Christian claim, and then seem to go "aha, so God can't exist", but when pressed on atheism you beg off and say you merely disbelieve in any God.

It's all fine and good to disagree with Christian claims, but to infer that those have a bearing on theist claims is not. Yes, all Christians are theists, but not all theists are Christian, and some are even "Nones", with no religious affiliation at all.
 
It's very very hard for me to believe in God when children are dying every day. I simply cannot understand why God would let children die like that.

The mere existence of so many birth defects and so many incurable diseases and other forms of innocent suffering is a very big red flag to me, certainly for a 'system' designed by an all powerful, all knowing, and all GOOD being.

Also there are people who have worked with people with dementia who say that there is no god and that we are just a series of biochemical reactions and mixtures. If you introduce the right chemical into our bodies, it can completely change how we perceive the world and more. Also, if you have too much or too little of a chemical compound, it could completely change the way you view life.

It is all just chemistry people.
 
It would be possible for a theist to say "I believe in God just because." and be done with it, I suppose. Maybe some theists actually do that - just believe there is a God without thinking it through at all.
And there would be nothing wrong with that of course.

Generally, I think theists feel the important thing about God is faith.
If I make a dangerous trek to see my estranged family member, without any logic as to why they should let me darken their door, I may take it on faith that they'll let me in and give me shelter - because I believe generally people are good. That is a valid and honourable way to go through life.

The only problem comes when theists project that personal ethos onto others, by objectifying this faith into an extant God.

But we here already know that. Carry on.
 
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