What is free will?

I think what most people seem to miss is that determinism is not a single chronology, but an exponential function in all possible mathematical and physical expressions over a time span of 13.7 billion years of deterministic evolutionary processes.

What we subjectively identify as free will is merely an expression of a specific deterministic function.
 
Can you choose to get better?
You can certainly try, baring organ loss, limb amputation etc, much depends on how well you know your self including your body.
The field of psycho somatic healing has been around for perhaps 8000 odd years.
 
I think what most people seem to miss is that determinism is not a single chronology, but an exponential function in all possible mathematical and physical expressions over a time span of 13.7 billion years of deterministic evolutionary processes.

What we subjectively identify as free will is merely an expression of a specific deterministic function.
Yes, our own...(in the main) aka self determination
 
The neurochemical processes of the thoughts involved are a result of the (presumably, here, deterministic) patterns inculcated over a lifetime's growth and development of the mind.
Substrates do not determine patterns.
That neurochemistry doesn’t choose how to respond to the serial experiential conditioning its exposed to during its span of operation. From womb to death, every momentary state of that neurochemisty was determined by the one that preceded it, a long cascade of chemical causality that you didn’t start or finish.
You are the "bag of chemicals".
So you do what you choose from the alternatives you possess - you make a decision based on a criterion, and carry it out as an act of will. That decision has degrees of freedom - are we getting closer to being able to discuss them?
Nope:
We’re already discussing them, you just refuse to acknowledge the true nature of their actuality. If you agree that you are the bag of chemicals, and those chemicals have no choice in their conditional behavior, then by extension you have no choice in your behavior either.
That supernatural assumption is sitting on the discussion like a toad.
I asked you to discuss how the chemicals in your head that facilitate your thoughts can defy the determinism that they exhibit everywhere else. and your response is to invoke supernaturalism? What is it about the configuration of those chemicals in your head that allows you to dictate their nature, rather than they dictate yours?
 
Stem cells?
I think a definitive answer may be found in our attemps to create an AI with free will.
"After illustrating the importance of free will and its perception in human mental processing, it is necessary to make at least a short note on its existence.
Although the question of existence of free will belongs to one of the most significant problems in philosophy, it has not yet been possible to scientifically prove it. This crucial question deals with problem of mental causation, i.e. how pure thoughts or mental acts can influence the matter.
A precise mechanism is not known yet.
Monistic approach solves the question of causality by stating that any mental state is caused by organization of matter, therefore thoughts are mere products of matter and not a force influencing the matter [13].
Dualistic approach on the other hand presumes existence of a separate mental force that influences and changes the matter. This, however, makes a scientific approach impossible since it considers spiritual to be unexplainable [13]
The absence of scientific proof of free will represents the most serious limitation of its understanding. However, for the purpose of our paper we consider that it is not important to solve this fundamental philosophical question at this point. What psychologists now call free will is undoubtedly an important element in governing mental functioning and, therefore, needs to be reflected in AGI as truly as possible.
Within the course of construction of such will researchers may then come with new ideas that may contribute to the solution of the argument between determinists and indeterminists, as well as materialists and idealists"
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278468286_Creating_Free_Will_in_Artificial_Intelligence

And the question that may explain it all is if we can create an AI with free will.
If so, humans must also have FW. If not, it would tend to confirm that FW cannot exist in humans either.

Can we build an AI, which at some point can answer a human command with;
"I'm sorry Dave, I can't allow that"
220px-Red_camera_eye.svg.png

and
"Just what do you think you're doing, Dave? Dave, I really think I'm entitled to an answer to that question".
https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_(film)#/media/File:Red_camera_eye.svg
 
Last edited:
I think a definitive answer may be found in our attemps to create an AI with free will.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278468286_Creating_Free_Will_in_Artificial_Intelligence

And the question that may explain it all is if we can create an AI with free will.
If so, humans must also have FW. If not, it would tend to confirm that FW cannot exist in humans either.

Can we build an AI, which at some point can answer a human command with;
220px-Red_camera_eye.svg.png

and

https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_(film)#/media/File:Red_camera_eye.svg
Even with an eternity of infinite programming it could possibly mimic free will, but would fail because it would never be free.
 
Its a good point though, imo as it highlights determinism and free will aka self determinism.
You should start a thread on the comparison.
 
Last edited:
I think a definitive answer may be found in our attemps to create an AI with free will.


Can we build an AI, which at some point can answer a human command with;
...
and
...
How do you think those responses demonstrate free will? We can, after all, write a simple program right now that can respond in that manner.
If we call something with certain appearances "free will" then all we're doing is judging what free will is by how it appears. Which is fine, as long as it is understood that that is what is being done.
But it doesn't get to the nub of the issue of whether there is actual freedom involved, or whether the "free" is simply meant in the manner of an unobstructed operation from its norms.
 
How do you think those responses demonstrate free will? We can, after all, write a simple program right now that can respond in that manner.
If we call something with certain appearances "free will" then all we're doing is judging what free will is by how it appears. Which is fine, as long as it is understood that that is what is being done.
But it doesn't get to the nub of the issue of whether there is actual freedom involved, or whether the "free" is simply meant in the manner of an unobstructed operation from its norms.
I was visualizing a scenario where refusal is not a programmed response, but a refusal for some personal reason such as being busy with something else or not wanting to run the risk of a electrical short if acceding to the request, i.e. a refusal based on the existence of an a priori task.

As to the second point, I subscribe to the notion of each individual being "free" in the sense of being able to choose from a range of acceptable deterministic responses, i.e. needing oil to luricate a big toe and deciding to go the auto-parts store because it sells a greater variety of oil than the gas station on the corner and the AI is not sure if it carries his favorite brand.

The application of reason to justify a specific action rather than a programmed response?
 
Last edited:
I was visualizing a scenario where refusal is not a programmed response, but a refusal for some personal reason such as being busy with something else or not wanting to run the risk of a electrical short if acceding to the request, i.e. a refusal based on the existence of an a priori task.
You mean much like my computer refusing to run a task because it's still working on something else? It happily tells me I'm out of memory and even offers some helpful advice. Not having sufficient memory seems a personal reason, no?
So in what way do you envisage the AI with free will to be different, other than in just the complexity of it's inputs and it's possible output responses?
As to the second point, I subscribe to the notion of each individual being "free" in the sense of being able to choose from a range of acceptable deterministic responses, i.e. needing oil to luricate a big toe and deciding to go the auto-parts store because it sells a greater variety of oil than the gas station on the corner and the AI is not sure if it carries his favorite brand.
And how do you define "able to choose"?
As for "a range of acceptable deterministic responses", this seems somewhat of an oxymoron. In a deterministic system there is but one output for the input. There is no possibility of it being anything else. This is what it means to be deterministic. If you mean that if the inputs were different then the outputs could be different, sure, but then that is true of Baldeee's thermostat example. If you mean that there is an internal process that considers more than option and then opts for the one that satisfies its judgement criteria, then in principle this is also no different to that thermostat. Or my computer. Those don't generate imagined alternatives, but the result, for a given input, is equally determined by that input. No freedom about the output whatsoever.
The application of reason to justify a specific action rather than a programmed response?
That's begging the question, in that you are assuming that your "application of reason to justify a specific action" is not itself a programmed response.
And that, my good man, is the rub. ;)
 
Even with an eternity of infinite programming it could possibly mimic free will, but would fail because it would never be free.
And on what basis do you assert that?
Other than through personal incredulity.
And a desire to have humanity and it's ilk on a "free will" pedestal?
Seriously, on what do you base this claim of yours on?
 
And on what basis do you assert that?
Other than through personal incredulity.
And a desire to have humanity and it's ilk on a "free will" pedestal?
Seriously, on what do you base this claim of yours on?
Compare an analogue voice with a digital voice and work it out for yourself.
or a old fashioned analogue clock with a digital clock ( regardless of decimal places....
or celluloid film with digital film...
or living human with a non-living machine ....

and so on... have a think on it for a bit and you never know it may open some windows for you.
 
Compare an analogue voice with a digital voice and work it out for yourself.
or a old fashioned analogue clock with a digital clock ( regardless of decimal places....
or celluloid film with digital film...
or living human with a non-living machine ....

and so on... have a think on it for a bit and you never know it may open some windows for you.
So you're not going to answer then?
And it really is just personal incredulity?
Okay.
 
And how do you define "able to choose"?
Exhibiting the physical capability of responding to a decision criterion having more than one possible value (in the assessment of the decider) with more than one mutually exclusive decision (made by the decider).
It's not rocket science: A driver approaches a traffic light.
In a deterministic system there is but one output for the input. There is no possibility of it being anything else.
The decider is faced with several possible inputs, and must be ready to choose the output. That is their predetermined nature, a key part of the process by which their behavior and that of the universe as a whole is determined (we are assuming it is).
If we call something with certain appearances "free will" then all we're doing is judging what free will is by how it appears.
We are observing physical reality, and analyzing it with our best theory. Rigorously.
You can of course dismiss all of science as "appearances" - but your determinism is thrown out along with the rest: nothing but "appearances" supports these notions of cause and effect, physical law, and so forth.
Meanwhile: We have not yet begun to discuss the degrees of freedom involved in such things as nonsupernatural human decisions, because you guys are still denying - by assumption - that there are any.
If you mean that there is an internal process that considers more than option and then opts for the one that satisfies its judgement criteria, then in principle this is also no different to that thermostat.
In basic engineering analysis, in principle, the differences are so large that one of the analyses is simple algebra and the other impossible with our current mathematics and capabilities. They are large differences in quality, logical level, and complexity - similar to the differences between a living and dead dog, as a system, or a rock and a bacterium.
You guys call that "trivial".
But it doesn't get to the nub of the issue of whether there is actual freedom involved, or whether the "free" is simply meant in the manner of an unobstructed operation from its norms.
You keep making that same silly, question-begging assumption - that only the supernatural can possess "actual", "genuine", etc, freedom. How long are you going to waste time repeating that?
 
Exhibiting the physical capability of responding to a decision criterion having more than one possible value (in the assessment of the decider) with more than one mutually exclusive decision (made by the decider).
So a subjective view that there is more than one, even though in a deterministic system there can not be mor. Okay, so you're going by mere subjective viewpoint. I get that. It's what I said you were doing from the get go.
It's not rocket science: A driver approaches a traffic light
It's actually very close to rocket science - both are deterministic systems where for each input there is just one predetermined output. And every time you reference a driver approaching traffic lights you simply reinforce that you are taking a subjective view of there being more than one genuine possibility.
So yes, a driver approaches a traffic light, and for the specific inputs to their decision-making system, a predetermined output results. No actual ability to do otherwise, only the imagined ability.
The decider is faced with several possible inputs...
Nope, the system is already in play and there is only a single set of inputs from the getgo.
and must be ready to choose the output.
They can certainly think they're choosing the output, but they're not. All they're doing is fulfilling the predetermined nature of the system. The output was determined by the inputs and the system.
That is their predetermined nature, a key part of the process by which their behavior and that of the universe as a whole is determined (we are assuming it is)
Indeed, the process that we refer to as "choice" or "decision making" is most certainly a key part. But there is no freedom within it: predetermined input, predetermined steps within the process, predetermined output.
We are observing physical reality, and analyzing it with our best theory. Rigorously.
But what you are analysing is a sense of free will that is judged only by the appearance and sensation of having genuine alternatives. You aren't ever addressing whether that appearance is what is actually going on. Which is fine. As far as it goes.
You can of course dismiss all of science as "appearances" - but your determinism is thrown out along with the rest: nothing but "appearances" supports these notions of cause and effect, physical law, and so forth.
Everything is an appearance, of course, if we are to observe it, but in most cases the appearance is backed up by our understanding and evidence of what is really going on. In the case of free will there is no such support. The understanding of the appearance stops there, at the point of appearance.
Meanwhile: We have not yet begun to discuss the degrees of freedom involved in such things as nonsupernatural human decisions, because you guys are still denying - by assumption - that there are any.
You can discuss what you want. Noone is stopping you. I'm not. Baldeee certainly isn't as from what I gather you're on his ignore list. And given the repetitious nature of your desire to bring up the supernatural, I can see his point. Feel free to discuss what you want. We have a different notion of what free will is to you. We ask the question of whether we really do have the ability to pick from genuine alternatives, not just imagined alternatives. And guess what: we conclude that we don't. Which, for whatever reason known only to you, you see as an assumption of the supernatural. Hey ho.
In basic engineering analysis, in principle, the differences are so large that one of the analyses is simple algebra and the other impossible with our current mathematics and capabilities. They are large differences in quality, logical level, and complexity - similar to the differences between a living and dead dog, as a system, or a rock and a bacterium.
You guys call that "trivial".
In this regard it is. The difference between the living and dead are reasonably well understood, and none of the processes involved go contrary to that understanding. Different, yes, certainly when emergent properties arise. Free will, on the other hand, "the ability to select from among alternatives", goes very much contrary to the underlying nature of the processes involved. It's not just that the underlying processes don't work that way, but they actually work contrary. That is the difference. So yes, your examples are relatively trivial.
You keep making that same silly, question-begging assumption - that only the supernatural can possess "actual", "genuine", etc, freedom. How long are you going to waste time repeating that?
Yet you (and I guess by extension JamesR) are the only one who ever mentions the supernatural. Go figure. Do you badger those who conclude that ghosts don't exist of the making the same silly, question-begging assumption that only the supernatural can be ghosts? No. Seriously, iceaura, your obsession with this fallacy of yours is truly pathetic, and not just because of your inability to recognise the difference between assumption and conclusion.
And given that I haven't once assumed the supernatural, and have no intention of doing so, I'm going to have quite some trouble repeating it.
 
They are large differences in quality, logical level, and complexity - similar to the differences between a living and dead dog, as a system, or a rock and a bacterium.
You guys call that "trivial".
The difference between alive and dead is trivial, according to Tegmark. He posits that there is no difference in constituent parts between alive and dead. The difference is in their arrangement, the patterns formed by the parts.

One pattern yields a living dynamic system controlled by an active brain, the other a living but static brain-dead system.
Compare it to a car with an electrical failure or a broken engine. All the parts are there, it's just that they are not functioning.
 
Last edited:
Back
Top