The Speed of Light is Not Constant

Go and ask around about why light doesn't get out of a black hole. People will tell you about the waterfall analogy, and say space is falling inwards. That's Chicken-Little garbage. A gravitational field alters the motion of light and matter through space. It doesn't suck space in. The sky is not falling in. See this thread. And yes, I've read the rest of this thread, and yes, the admin agrees with me because I'm right.
They use the same excuse for inflation being FTL, but that hasn't stopped some people from looking into other avenues because it is a never ending debate to weather or not space can actually be considered a thing. Then most people with this view are considered cranks by the internet community, even though a lot of the more well known scientist tend to enjoy writing about it as though it is, although in the past they wouldn't have gone as far as the waterfall analogy (that is more recent). It would have to assume that space is an actual thing. No one has seemed to prove this to everyone, so then they cannot prove the waterfall analogy either.

This has what lead me to believe that the mechanism for inflation is SR itself. If there was no mass then the frame of reference of everything would be contracted to zero. With the appearance of mass space-time would expand instead of contracting because objects in it would slow down to less than the speed of light. The rate of expansion would then be FTL, and the objects in it would travel FTL away from each other, since there is no limit to the rate of dilation in SR. There is nothing in the equation that says that space-time cannot dilate FTL, it is immune to the speed of light constant because it is a result of keeping the speed of light a constant. In other words, v/t can change at any rate so that "c" stays the same value when they are equal to each other. Then the rapid inflationary period would be a direct result of objects with mass having to measure light to travel at the same speed, but in order for that to take place time and distance would have to increase at any rate in order for the space-time to fill the void in order for those measurement to take place.

Then the problem with this idea is that most people don't believe that space-time dilation is even a real effect. You would have to assume that it is, and I am fairly certain it is. I just don't know how you could have an equation show that everything is zero and then get anything significant from it. When velocity is equal to the speed of light SR is a bit of an enigma and it doesn't produce rational answers. It would take making a bunch of irrational garbage and making something rationally substantive out of it.

A lot of versions of the Big Bang theory haven't been able to hold up in recent years. My idea of the Planck Scale and energy coming from the Big Bang has held up to this scrutiny and has caught on like wild fire. I really don't see how given the people that post in these forums, but it seems to have happened. My problem is I don't really know where to start on the mathematical end of it that predicts anything special, but I think it would be a good lead to follow.

If d/t has to change to a d'/t' in order for them both to equal the same constant "c", then space-time dilation would be a very real thing. It would be a direct consequence of how mathematics makes everything stay equal to each other on each side of the equal sign. Two observers distances and times always have to stay equal to the same value in two similar equations. That is why I kind of find it hard to tolerate the stigma that comes with SR being just an illusion or counterbalance to invalid measurement. The explanations may imply that but the mathematics doesn't. Then the mathematics of the explanation hasn't even been accepted to be accurate.
 
They use the same excuse for inflation being FTL, but that hasn't stopped some people from looking into other avenues because it is a never ending debate to weather or not space can actually be considered a thing.
Where do you get that idea from?

Then most people with this view are considered cranks by the internet community, even though a lot of the more well known scientist tend to enjoy writing about it as though it is, although in the past they wouldn't have gone as far as the waterfall analogy (that is more recent).
Cranks come in different flavors, but this one, Farsight , is just hinging all of his opinions on a very common mistake. He simply misunderstands what coordinate speed means. I won't say that's all that evades him, but he has no sense of physics. He has no interest at all in what evidence there is and what it tells us.

It would have to assume that space is an actual thing.
Do you have a cite to give us some idea what you're referring to here?

No one has seemed to prove this to everyone, so then they cannot prove the waterfall analogy either.
Explain what you mean. How do you get from that premise to the conclusion?

This has what lead me to believe that the mechanism for inflation is SR itself.
Try and diagram a case for length dilation of space. It can't be done. You need reference frames.

If there was no mass then the frame of reference of everything would be contracted to zero.
If there was no mass you would be in the primordial conditions after the Big Bang. How does that apply to the inflation that occurred since matter condensed?

With the appearance of mass space-time would expand instead of contracting because objects in it would slow down to less than the speed of light.
There is no contraction without GR and there's no GR without two different reference frames. In any case, it can't operate on space itself. It has to operate on observed length and/or time, and only in the presence of two or more frames.

The rate of expansion would then be FTL, and the objects in it would travel FTL away from each other, since there is no limit to the rate of dilation in SR.
There can be no objects without mass, unless you meant to say massless particles. In relativity the space that's observed to be warped it is not actually warped. Distortions do not exist at all until data from one frame is compared to data from another. That's basically what relativity means.

There is nothing in the equation that says that space-time cannot dilate FTL, it is immune to the speed of light constant because it is a result of keeping the speed of light a constant.
What equation? If you mean the Lorentz transformation then it doesn't apply to space itself. Space and time can't be observed. Only lengths and clock ticks can . For that you need real objects, and to induce relativity you need actual frames of reference. None of that applies to space by itself.

In other words, v/t can change at any rate so that "c" stays the same value when they are equal to each other.
That representation of the Lorentz transformation is incorrect.

Then the rapid inflationary period would be a direct result of objects with mass having to measure light to travel at the same speed,
What does that mean? How do objects measure anything, much less light?

but in order for that to take place time and distance would have to increase at any rate in order for the space-time to fill the void in order for those measurement to take place.
So there is a void that spacetime fills? What do you call that?

Then the problem with this idea is that most people don't believe that space-time dilation is even a real effect.
It's not a matter of belief, but of evidence. What evidence are you disputing?

You would have to assume that it is, and I am fairly certain it is.
Ok but what does the evidence tell you about your beliefs?

I just don't know how you could have an equation show that everything is zero and then get anything significant from it.
Equations only state what the evidence shows. What equations are you disputing? There are lots of ways that setting a result to zero could lead to an answer. There are many classes of problems that do that very thing.

When velocity is equal to the speed of light SR is a bit of an enigma and it doesn't produce rational answers.
The rotation hits a boundary condition because it produces a zero in the denominator, a condition we call a mathematical singularity. It's not at all an enigma. It's just a boundary condition.

It would take making a bunch of irrational garbage and making something rationally substantive out of it.
But that's not what happened. It began with searching for the mechanism of transporting light waves in a vacuum. Nothing was being fabricated. Just measured. The wall that Poincare, Lorentz and Einstein encountered--the one that in part gave birth to Modern Physics--was the question of what happens to electromagnetics when reference frames diverge. You would need to retrace the history of that work to realize that what you said is backwards.

A lot of versions of the Big Bang theory haven't been able to hold up in recent years.
How so? How different is the standard model today than it was from Hubble's time?

My idea of the Planck Scale and energy coming from the Big Bang has held up to this scrutiny and has caught on like wild fire.
What are you referring to?

I really don't see how given the people that post in these forums, but it seems to have happened.
Not sure what you mean by this.

My problem is I don't really know where to start on the mathematical end of it that predicts anything special, but I think it would be a good lead to follow.
Maxwell's equations plus the Lorentz transformation. That seems to cover the ground you're concerned about.

If d/t has to change to a d'/t' in order for them both to equal the same constant "c", then space-time dilation would be a very real thing.
One of the advantages of describing evidence mathematically is that is helps you visualize things like this. In this case you would discover it's a simple rotation--a projection.

It would be a direct consequence of how mathematics makes everything stay equal to each other on each side of the equal sign.
Well it's a transformation. You have to know what that means. Math isn't just equations. It's the correct assembly of facts stemming from the evidence.

Two observers distances and times always have to stay equal to the same value in two similar equations.
Length. If you say distance it implies the amount of space separating them. In any case what you're trying to do here is to say "transformation". I think once you learn what that means, you can get past this particular hurdle.

That is why I kind of find it hard to tolerate the stigma that comes with SR being just an illusion or counterbalance to invalid measurement.
Again you're thinking backwards. Start with the evidence and move forward, and the riddle will be solved.

The explanations may imply that but the mathematics doesn't.
The math tells you what the evidence tells you. That's why you need Maxwell's equations. And that's why you need the Lorentz transformation. You need the evidence that led to the discovery of those laws, and the steps required to derive each law from scratch. Or at least read the history, and accept at face value that the derivations were done correctly. Otherwise you are stuck in an endless circle of speculation, lacking the necessary facts to pull yourself out of the quagmire.

Then the mathematics of the explanation hasn't even been accepted to be accurate.
There is no issue with accuracy in either Maxwell's equations or the Lorentz transformation. You just need to understand what they mean, where they come from, what evidence they rely on and how to derive them.
 
They use the same excuse for inflation being FTL, but that hasn't stopped some people from looking into other avenues because it is a never ending debate to weather or not space can actually be considered a thing. Then most people with this view are considered cranks by the internet community, even though a lot of the more well known scientist tend to enjoy writing about it as though it is
Einstein talked of space as a thing. See his 1920 Leyden Address where he said "has, I think, finally disposed of the view that space is physically empty". Or check out his 1929 field theory presentation where he referred to a field as a state of space.

although in the past they wouldn't have gone as far as the waterfall analogy (that is more recent). It would have to assume that space is an actual thing. No one has seemed to prove this to everyone, so then they cannot prove the waterfall analogy either.
I'm happy that a field is a state of space, but I think the waterfall analogy is absolute junk.

This has what lead me to believe that the mechanism for inflation is SR itself. If there was no mass then the frame of reference of everything would be contracted to zero. With the appearance of mass space-time would expand instead of contracting because objects in it would slow down to less than the speed of light. The rate of expansion would then be FTL, and the objects in it would travel FTL away from each other, since there is no limit to the rate of dilation in SR. There is nothing in the equation that says that space-time cannot dilate FTL, it is immune to the speed of light constant because it is a result of keeping the speed of light a constant. In other words, v/t can change at any rate so that "c" stays the same value when they are equal to each other. Then the rapid inflationary period would be a direct result of objects with mass having to measure light to travel at the same speed, but in order for that to take place time and distance would have to increase at any rate in order for the space-time to fill the void in order for those measurement to take place.
I think there's a GR-style inflation myself, which isn't the same kind of thing as inflation as usually described.

Then the problem with this idea is that most people don't believe that space-time dilation is even a real effect. You would have to assume that it is, and I am fairly certain it is.
I think most people believe that time dilation and length contraction are real effects.

Layman said:
I just don't know how you could have an equation show that everything is zero and then get anything significant from it. When velocity is equal to the speed of light SR is a bit of an enigma and it doesn't produce rational answers. It would take making a bunch of irrational garbage and making something rationally substantive out of it.
SR isn't an enigma when you throw in the wave nature of matter.

A lot of versions of the Big Bang theory haven't been able to hold up in recent years. My idea of the Planck Scale and energy coming from the Big Bang has held up to this scrutiny and has caught on like wild fire. I really don't see how given the people that post in these forums, but it seems to have happened. My problem is I don't really know where to start on the mathematical end of it that predicts anything special, but I think it would be a good lead to follow.
What idea?

If d/t has to change to a d'/t' in order for them both to equal the same constant "c"...
They don't. Not when it comes to GR. We define the second using the motion of light, then we define the metre using the second and the motion of light. If the light goes slower, the second is bigger. Than the slower light and the bigger second cancel each other out and the metre doesn't change.
 
They don't. Not when it comes to GR. We define the second using the motion of light, then we define the metre using the second and the motion of light. If the light goes slower, the second is bigger. Than the slower light and the bigger second cancel each other out and the metre doesn't change.
But this is simply false. GR does not rely on a specific definition of time using regularity.

To quote Einstein, Relativity Chapter 28:
Einstein said:
Clocks, for which the law of motion is any kind, however irregular, serve for the definition of time. We have to imagine each of these clocks fixed at a point on the non-rigid reference-body. These clocks satisfy only the one condition, that the “readings” which are observed simultaneously on adjacent clocks (in space) differ from each other by an indefinitely small amount. This non-rigid reference-body, which might appropriately be termed a “reference-mollusk,” is in the main equivalent to a Gaussian four-dimensional co-ordinate system chosen arbitrarily. That which gives the “mollusk” a certain comprehensibleness as compared with the Gauss co-ordinate system is the (really unqualified) formal retention of the separate existence of the space co-ordinate. Every point on the mollusk is treated as a space-point, and every material point which is at rest relatively to it as at rest, so long as the mollusk is considered as reference-body. The general principle of relativity requires that all these mollusks can be used as reference-bodies with equal right and equal success in the formulation of the general laws of nature; the laws themselves must be quite independent of the choice of mollusk.
 
Come on PhysBang, try to understand it. Einstein also said a curvature of rays of light can only occur when the speed of light varies with position. Imagine each of these clocks fixed at a point in an equatorial slice through the Earth and the surrounding space. When you plot all the clock rates, your plot resembles the depiction from the wiki Riemann curvature page, Riemann curvature relates to curved spacetime, and you measured those clock rates so it’s a curvature in your metric. But they're light clocks, so the depiction is showing you the varying speed of light.

attachment.php

GNUFDL image by Johnstone, see wikipedia
 
Farsight

We define the second using the motion of light

We can define it differently, and have in the past. You are confusing the map as being the territory. Our definitions have no effect on the reality it describes. One reason we use light is because it never varies, no matter what, but the second varies. Funny, we knew what a second was before we knew the speed of light, we defined that speed using a distance per second, now we define the second by the speed of light, yet neither the second, nor the speed of light noticed the switch. Our descriptions are arbitrary, they are a tool with which to try to understand reality, the values they measure are reality.

Einstein also said a curvature of rays of light can only occur when the speed of light varies with position

And you obviously think that's all he ever said. That is the sum of what you think you understand about Relativity. Sad, really. The theory is a thing of beauty, far ahead of it's time, it still holds up after over 100 years and you know nothing about what it actually says. Pity.

But they're light clocks, so the depiction is showing you the varying speed of light.



"Clocks, for which the law of motion is any kind, however irregular, serve for the definition of time."

Einstein

image017.gif


The illustration above shows why time slows for a moving clock from the perspective of a stationary observer. The left side shows you what a co-moving observer sees(IE stationary to the clock), the one on the right shows you what the stationary observer seesof the moving clock. The same effect happens when in a gravity well but it is damn near impossible to illustrate this way. Replace gravity with a spinning force of equivalent acceleration, maybe, then solve for speed. The stationary observer sees the light traveling a further distance at lightspeed, thus he sees the co-moving observer experience fewer clicks(IE his time is seen as slower)compared to the stationary observer's clock. The faster the moving clock moves, the fewer ticks it experiences, but the light is still seen as going lightspeed by the stationary observer, and the co-moving observer experiences less and less time(ticks). And if they both have identical clocks each will see the same thing in the other, slower time and constant lightspeed. But only one of them would see Einstein's Rainbow.(one should read the book "Tau Zero" by Pohl Anderson for a thorough understanding of the Relativistic effects).

No, it does not make any difference what kind of clock you use(radioactivity, muon lifetime, the vibration of cesium atoms at a certain energy state or the drops of water from the spout of a water clock), they will all slow down from the perspective of an uninfluenced clock, they will all show slower time and constant measured lightspeed all the way down the gravity well until time itself stops. The proof is that the light coming from Quasars, whose source abuts a supermassive Black Hole(the deepest gravity wells known)still arrives at Earth traveling at lightspeed and at no other. It is red shifted in frequency due to gravity's time dilation and the expansion of spacetime, but it still has the same speed. In fact, light traveling in spacetime has never been seen to travel at any other speed, even if the source is receding from us at near lightspeed. Even the CMB arrives at Earth at lightspeed.

Where oh where can the slow light be? It ought to be obvious around any of the huge masses in our Universe. Any wavefront from an event would show ripples of light as those rays closest to the mass would be time delayed, so any flash would form a streak from the outside-in. We don't see that. And slower light near a mass would not cause the light to bend, each photon reacts separately, a bunch of photons are not a solid object to be turned by delaying it's inside members, you would only get a bent wavefront, not a bent vector. We don't see that, either. Photons are separate quanta of energy, they have a wave function individually but individual photons do not interact as a group in a single wave(in a gravity field, all bets are off in a magnetic field, but their speed does not change), the inside photons would just be slower, they would not drag others around like a car hitting mud. Light bends because spacetime is bent by the presence of mass, it follows a straight line through bent spacetime. You get what we see, a straight(ish) wavefront with a bent vector distorted to fit the gravity gradient, in fact, Einstein predicted that very thing from the bent spacetime paradigm, arcs of light focused by the bent spacetime around massive objects, showing objects further away. Like this...

484b9e06318931b5ba820e6f6b15008e64c3fade_large.jpg


Those we see a lot of. You are looking at bent spacetime there, sonny. Welcome to the old school, where we base our theories on facts and not Google search.

Grumpy:itold:
 
Come on PhysBang, try to understand it. Einstein also said a curvature of rays of light can only occur when the speed of light varies with position.

He also probably said that he loved his wife (well, one of them, at least). But that has nothing to do with the content of GR, just like your cherry-picked quotations have nothing to do with GR. If they did, you would be able to do one example in over ten years.
 
Grumpy.

Not so fast, mate. The second was a man-chosen standard (after stopwatches were invented) with reference to some larger astronomical/local events which were periodic enough to subdivide into 'hours' and then into minutes and seconds via newer clocks/watches.

At no stage was the 'second' anything more than an event-related/differentiated periodic 'standard' for the derivation of some 'timing standards'. Period.

The more recent use of light etc is a further refinement, as were the clocks/watches, but in no way does it make the 'second' or 'time' any less EVENTS-RELATED than before (as Einstein already highlighted way back when in that explanation of what 'time' is in fact. Remember that quote?).

Mate, you have to be careful not to be so cocky when you assume impressions/understandings that have not been fully thought through in the reality context. Less insults to Farsight/Maxila et al regarding 'time'; and more reality-rethinking your own stances, yes? Else you may not realize the import of what you learned/repeat.

Cheers. :)
 
He also probably said that he loved his wife (well, one of them, at least). But that has nothing to do with the content of GR, just like your cherry-picked quotations have nothing to do with GR. If they did, you would be able to do one example in over ten years.

Besides the fact that he lacks the training to judiciously arrive at the conclusions he's made, Farsight doesn't understand that it doesn't matter what anyone thinks, not even Einstein. This is not a popularity contest. All that matters is evidence. As it turn out, Einstein's testimony, through the derivations and proofs he offered, do form a substantial set of evidence for the treatment of relativity. But even Einstein is not in the critical path for concluding that the speed of light is constant. That has been dawning on literate people since the 17th century when it was first discovered. (Prior to that Galileo had tried to measure it, but failed, unaware that it was propagating too fast for the experiment he performed).

Farsight, and the other anti-science cranks posting here, would need to erase all the evidence of the past 300 years before even entertaining such an idea without being guilty of stupidity. The role of science is to collect and assess information, not to bury and cloak it with the veil of superstition, paranoia, and delusions of grandeur. That does raise a question that often occurs to me: what it is it that damaged the Farsights of this world (other than religion of course) which would lead to such pathological ideation? There's the real data this thread needs to be collecting. The rest is mollycoddling.

Supplementing what Grumpy posted, I would refer Farsight to the observed variations in the eclipse of Io by Jupiter. Given that those measured variations are directly proportional to the difference in proximity of the Earth to Jupiter due to orbital motion, by definition that constant of proportionality is the speed of light. Obviously it's constant, otherwise Io's eclipse would be doing something different.

That at least gets us to the late 1600s. If Farsight can ever evolve his mind out of the paleolithic era maybe he'll finally catch up with the science of the Baroque period.
 
I've already explained it so many times before. But I will explain again one more time seeing it's you, Trippy. :)
I'm sure you think you have...

The motional states/effects across the energy-space conditioned by the gravitating planet...
This is nonsensical.

Define 'energy-space'. Define how a gravitating planet 'conditions' this energy space. What does it even mean for a 'gravitating planet' to 'condition energy-space'?

Oh, and by the way, except for the presence of the atmosphere, the presence of a planet is pretty much irrelevant to the original question.

...produces NON-linear effects...
What non-linear effects? Can you produce the math to describe and communicate them effectively so that others may test them and have something other than vague waffly hand wavy sentences to measure experiments by?

...on the INTERNAL particle decay process (cyclic/oscillatory/periodic etc) RATES...
So you're claiming to know something about the internal processes that give rise to decay? You seem to be suggesting that they're some kind of oscillation or cycle. Can you back that up with hard evidence? Can you describe how these cycles are influenced by the non linear effects you mentioned earlier?

...depending on the initial mass at creation...
So you're asserting that decay time is mass dependent?

So why is it that a Muon, which has a rest mass 200 times greater than an electron, has a half life of 2.2 μs, when Helium-5 has a halflife of 7.6x10[sup]-22[/sup], Copernicium-277 has a half life of 240μs, Helium-6 has a half life of 807 ms, but Helium 7 has a half life of 3x10[sup]-21[/sup]s.

Even among subatomic particles it still isn't true that halflife is dependent on mass. There are six subatomic particles which have masses between 900 and 1200 MeV/C[sup]2[/sup], ignoring protons, which, as far as we have observed, do not decay, their halflives vary over 22 orders of magnitude and do not display a linear progression.


...and the GR component (acceleration profile) and the SR component (speed profile) all the way down to ground.
The SR component is negligible for the purposes of this exercise and is overwhelmed by the GR component.

It is the internal decay 'clocking' effects which are SLOWED because of GR and SR effects
This is different from what I said how?

No, seriously, how is saying that the internal decay clocking effects are slowed any different from saying that an earth frame observer sees the muon as being time dilated?

So we're in agreement with the observations made in the earth-frame, what about the observations made by the dude in the cowboy hat riding the muon down?

from the continually changing energy-space (density/conditioning, including atmospheric mass-energy) on internal changes/motions (oscillations etc) rates/speeds until the unstable particle finally decays.
Again, we come back to the points I made earlier about what you mean by 'energy-space' and 'density conditioning', among other things.

In this case, its decay process has been slowed by NON-linear effects as explained...
You've actually explained nothing, and you've used a lot of words in doing so.

and the simplistic 'calculation' from theory is not a true reflection of how long the Muon actually can last.
And yet, this theory can not only account for the behaviour of the muon in this example in a self consistent way, but it can also account for the behaviour of the muon under all of the circumstances they have been observed in in a self consistent way, as well as explaining a myriad of other things self consistently.

The assumption that the 'spacetime distance travelled' is somehow 'shortened' is a cop-out because otherwise the 'theory' could not explain it as I have, based on empirically observable effects in the energy-space conditions experienced by any 'clock' type internal processes accordingly delaying decay as observed.
But you haven't actually explained anything. Meanwhile, the same length contraction result successfully explains the results of relativistic collisions between heavy ions, the unexpectedly high ionization ability of relativistic electrically charged particles, and the behaviour of free electron LASERs. Successfully explaining all of these things requires length contraction.

And before anyone is tempted to bring out that old tired chestnut about the particles/distance 'contraction/time dilation' in the CERN accelerator ring etc, I have also explained that in such HIGH ENERGY INPUTS/FLOWS environment, under so much acceleration from external high strength electromagnets, there is too much energy flying in and out of the system for any sensible 'interpretations from theory' to be clean of complicating factors which affect the decay/speed/distance 'calculations' if all these other much MORE STRONG factors are ignored as if they didn't exist.
This is a cop out. You're using something you don't understand to avoid having to explain something you can't.

There, mate.
I've told you before, don't call me mate.

I have briefly pointed to alternatives which make the current interpretations suspect, especially when the locally REAL energy-space conditions/content/effects are properly taken into account empirically reflective of what is observed to happen to clocks and 'timing' information/rates in GR and SR non-linear situations.
You've breifly pointed to nothing.
 
They use the same excuse for inflation being FTL, but that hasn't stopped some people from looking into other avenues because it is a never ending debate to weather or not space can actually be considered a thing. Then most people with this view are considered cranks by the internet community, even though a lot of the more well known scientist tend to enjoy writing about it as though it is, although in the past they wouldn't have gone as far as the waterfall analogy (that is more recent). It would have to assume that space is an actual thing. No one has seemed to prove this to everyone, so then they cannot prove the waterfall analogy either.

This has what lead me to believe that the mechanism for inflation is SR itself. If there was no mass then the frame of reference of everything would be contracted to zero. With the appearance of mass space-time would expand instead of contracting because objects in it would slow down to less than the speed of light. The rate of expansion would then be FTL, and the objects in it would travel FTL away from each other, since there is no limit to the rate of dilation in SR. There is nothing in the equation that says that space-time cannot dilate FTL, it is immune to the speed of light constant because it is a result of keeping the speed of light a constant. In other words, v/t can change at any rate so that "c" stays the same value when they are equal to each other. Then the rapid inflationary period would be a direct result of objects with mass having to measure light to travel at the same speed, but in order for that to take place time and distance would have to increase at any rate in order for the space-time to fill the void in order for those measurement to take place.

Then the problem with this idea is that most people don't believe that space-time dilation is even a real effect. You would have to assume that it is, and I am fairly certain it is. I just don't know how you could have an equation show that everything is zero and then get anything significant from it. When velocity is equal to the speed of light SR is a bit of an enigma and it doesn't produce rational answers. It would take making a bunch of irrational garbage and making something rationally substantive out of it.

A lot of versions of the Big Bang theory haven't been able to hold up in recent years. My idea of the Planck Scale and energy coming from the Big Bang has held up to this scrutiny and has caught on like wild fire. I really don't see how given the people that post in these forums, but it seems to have happened. My problem is I don't really know where to start on the mathematical end of it that predicts anything special, but I think it would be a good lead to follow.

If d/t has to change to a d'/t' in order for them both to equal the same constant "c", then space-time dilation would be a very real thing. It would be a direct consequence of how mathematics makes everything stay equal to each other on each side of the equal sign. Two observers distances and times always have to stay equal to the same value in two similar equations. That is why I kind of find it hard to tolerate the stigma that comes with SR being just an illusion or counterbalance to invalid measurement. The explanations may imply that but the mathematics doesn't. Then the mathematics of the explanation hasn't even been accepted to be accurate.

If science were relegated to whatever pops into someone's head then some of what you posted might be true. But unless you refer back to the natural phenomena as the basis for every critical conclusion you make, odds are you're in error. Farsight is notorious for this. He never bothers to go back and review the data. He's grown so accustomed to insulating himself from real world data that facts can no longer penetrate his dull brain.
 
RC

The second was a man-chosen standard (after stopwatches were invented) with reference to some larger astronomical/local events which were periodic enough to subdivide into 'hours' and then into minutes and seconds via newer clocks/watches.

IE It was an invented metric that describes an actual phenomena of the Universe. Yes, I agree, the second is an arbitrary thing(a map), but it describes a certain, standardized duration of time that actually exists(the territory). As clocks got better, so did our standards, but they will never be more than arbitrary, mutually agreed to metrics. We can define it any way you like.

At no stage was the 'second' anything more than an event-related/differentiated periodic 'standard' for the derivation of some 'timing standards'. Period.

There is the description and there is that which is described, they are not the same thing. Our arbitrary unit is describing actual time's passage in a standardized way. You can change the description, but it does not change that being described, it still exists, often requiring conversion tables between the different descriptions. Einstein said any natural process, no matter how periodic or erratic, is sufficient to be used to describe time. I think pulsars would be good candidates, myself.

The more recent use of light etc is a further refinement, as were the clocks/watches, but in no way does it make the 'second' or 'time' any less EVENTS-RELATED than before (as Einstein already highlighted way back when in that explanation of what 'time' is in fact. Remember that quote?).

But time isn't event-related, it passes whether there are events or not. It is event MEASURED, and whether we can measure it or not does not affect it's existence, only our ability to measure it. Einstein said time would pass in spacetime even if events in an area only happen once every billion years or so, or ever. Space and time are dimensions built into the Universe, our silly definitions have no effect on it's passage and events can only dilate time. You still haven't addressed the slope.

Grumpy:cool:
 
We can define it differently, and have in the past.
It makes no odds. See gravitational time dilation on wiki and note that "electromagnetic radiation and matter may be equally affected, since they are made of the same essence". You could separate a clock into particles like electrons, and then annihilate them with positrons and you've got light. So using an atomic clock that uses microwaves and defining the second as the duration of 9192631770 periods of radiation is a fine and dandy way to do it that's in line with relativity and fundamental physics.

You are confusing the map as being the territory.
Not me. I'm the one pointing out the distinction between the two. The map is spacetime. The territory is space and motion through it.

Grumpy said:
Our definitions have no effect on the reality it describes. One reason we use light is because it never varies, no matter what, but the second varies...
Because its the duration of 9192631770 periods of radiation. Imagine you're in a canoe and you've got waves coming at you. You bob up and down 9192631770 times, then you declare "that's a second". When the waves are coming at you slower, the second is bigger. It's that simple Grumpy.

Grumpy said:
And you obviously think that's all he ever said. That is the sum of what you think you understand about Relativity. Sad, really. The theory is a thing of beauty, far ahead of it's time, it still holds up after over 100 years and you know nothing about what it actually says. Pity.
Er, no, I'm telling you what it actually says. And what Einstein actually said. Like a curvature of rays of light can only occur when the speed of light varies with position.

Grumpy said:
Now use this light clock for gravitational time dilation. And take a look at the OP. See the gif?

Grumpy said:
The illustration above shows why time slows for a moving clock from the perspective of a stationary observer. The left side shows you what a co-moving observer sees(IE stationary to the clock), the one on the right shows you what the stationary observer seesof the moving clock. The same effect happens when in a gravity well but it is damn near impossible to illustrate this way...
Oh no it isn't:

attachment.php



Grumpy said:
Replace gravity with a spinning force of equivalent acceleration...
No. The lower light-clock goes slower because the light goes slower. Because the speed of light varies with position, just like Einstein said.

Grumpy said:
...but the light is still seen as going lightspeed...
It's because of the wave nature of matter. See the other meaning of special relativity by Robert Close.

Grumpy said:
Where oh where can the slow light be? It ought to be obvious around any of the huge masses in our Universe.
It is. They call it gravitational lensing.

Grumpy said:
you would only get a bent wavefront
That you do:

Einstein-wavelets-75.gif

See Ned Wright's deflection and delay of light.
Grumpy said:
Welcome to the old school, where we base our theories on facts
No, you welcome to the old school.
 
Hi Trippy. :)

Still rushed, so will concentrate on some items which will perhaps answer your questions and make more acceptable the other points I made. Briefly then...
I'm sure you think you have...


This is nonsensical.

Define 'energy-space'. Define how a gravitating planet 'conditions' this energy space. What does it even mean for a 'gravitating planet' to 'condition energy-space'?

Oh, and by the way, except for the presence of the atmosphere, the presence of a planet is pretty much irrelevant to the original question.


What non-linear effects? Can you produce the math to describe and communicate them effectively so that others may test them and have something other than vague waffly hand wavy sentences to measure experiments by?


So you're claiming to know something about the internal processes that give rise to decay? You seem to be suggesting that they're some kind of oscillation or cycle. Can you back that up with hard evidence? Can you describe how these cycles are influenced by the non linear effects you mentioned earlier?


So you're asserting that decay time is mass dependent?

So why is it that a Muon, which has a rest mass 200 times greater than an electron, has a half life of 2.2 μs, when Helium-5 has a halflife of 7.6x10[sup]-22[/sup], Copernicium-277 has a half life of 240μs, Helium-6 has a half life of 807 ms, but Helium 7 has a half life of 3x10[sup]-21[/sup]s.

Even among subatomic particles it still isn't true that halflife is dependent on mass. There are six subatomic particles which have masses between 900 and 1200 MeV/C[sup]2[/sup], ignoring protons, which, as far as we have observed, do not decay, their halflives vary over 22 orders of magnitude and do not display a linear progression.



The SR component is negligible for the purposes of this exercise and is overwhelmed by the GR component.


This is different from what I said how?

No, seriously, how is saying that the internal decay clocking effects are slowed any different from saying that an earth frame observer sees the muon as being time dilated?

So we're in agreement with the observations made in the earth-frame, what about the observations made by the dude in the cowboy hat riding the muon down?


Again, we come back to the points I made earlier about what you mean by 'energy-space' and 'density conditioning', among other things.


You've actually explained nothing, and you've used a lot of words in doing so.


And yet, this theory can not only account for the behaviour of the muon in this example in a self consistent way, but it can also account for the behaviour of the muon under all of the circumstances they have been observed in in a self consistent way, as well as explaining a myriad of other things self consistently.


But you haven't actually explained anything. Meanwhile, the same length contraction result successfully explains the results of relativistic collisions between heavy ions, the unexpectedly high ionization ability of relativistic electrically charged particles, and the behaviour of free electron LASERs. Successfully explaining all of these things requires length contraction.


This is a cop out. You're using something you don't understand to avoid having to explain something you can't.


I've told you before, don't call me mate.


You've breifly pointed to nothing.

The "energy-space" is practically what Einstein described when he said (I can't recall the exact quote) something to the effect that space is not actually 'empty space', but actually some sort of energy of space (and he went on to point to the various mathematical representations/symbols for that effective properties of the energy of space). Also QM maintains an energy space context/underlying substrate that is the 'space' wherein the features interact with each other and with the Vacuum energy occupying all space.

The 'conditioning' of energy-space by mass/matter like energy-space features is what gravity wells are all about.

Unfortunately, neither Einstein nor his successors have actually identified the real nature/origins of that universal apriori energy-space in which arise, evolve, interact and and subside all the things which make the dynamical phenomena we observe/deduce by the 'conditioning' and the 'transitional forms/properties' of particles and waves in that energy-space.

However, as an aside, I can tell you that my ToE has that nature and origins identified in both physical and logical terms confirmed by reference to the reality, not abstractions. And hence why I will be able to present the actual real physical mechanism/dynamics for/of gravity and the 'conditioning' of energy-space surrounding gravitating matter/massive energy-space features. Just in case you were wondering. :)

As to the 'decay' of unstable particles and or particles interactions with the non-linear 'conditioned' energy-space they are traversing, I recall that even Neutrinos 'oscillate' and change properties/energy levels and are affected by interactions and energy-space traversal. Recently a (Japanese?) team observed further effects on Neutrinos after traversing Earth's mass at night such that the 'oscillation' from Non-electron neutrino back to Electron Neutrino occurred because of the extra travel during the oscillations compared to when they would have been intercepted on the 'Day side'.

And as we all know, every particle or feature, has its own harmonics and resonances within the internal configuration/dynamics making up the particle/feature. These are subject to disturbance from interactions; and especially vulnerable if the feature/particle is already UNSTABLE in configuration/dynamics inherently.


I leave you to ponder the implications for all sorts of non-linear effects on unstable energy-space particles/features during/by interactions experienced while in transit through variously conditioned energy-space (by gravity and by energy-matter being encountered during atmospheric etc transit).


You wanted my explanation and definition. That's it. Do with it and ignore any of it as you will. I can do no more for you for now.

Gotta go. Sorry for any typos. Thanks for the chat.

Cheers....Oops!...I almost called you 'mate' again! Sorry, its force of habit from common/frequent usage where I live. No offense intended. Bye.:)
 
Last edited:
Hi Grumpy. Rushed still. Briefly....

IE It was an invented metric that describes an actual phenomena of the Universe. Yes, I agree, the second is an arbitrary thing(a map), but it describes a certain, standardized duration of time that actually exists(the territory). As clocks got better, so did our standards, but they will never be more than arbitrary, mutually agreed to metrics. We can define it any way you like.
"Invented" is exactly what Maxila et al have been telling YOU et al. So now you agree. Good. And you agree also about what I pointed out the 'second' actually WAS in reality. Good.

But then you go into circuitous reasoning mode! See my bolding above. The 'duration of time' does NOT 'exist'. Only some particular chosen/observed processing matter/energy system is noted for its cyclic/periodic dynamics/motions/changes. That's IT!

We can then choose WHICH of the observed 'clocking' type processes/phenomena we will agree to use as a STANDARD to compare other processes/motions etc. That's IT.

Your continuing fascination for the 'comic book version' explanations/understandings of what 'time' actually IS keeps you trapped in that old-hat 'version' of the reality which once had 'time flowing' etc, but which MODERN THINKING in reality referenced empirical terms shows that old 'comic book version' beliefs about 'time' is secondary derivative of MOTION. Again, have a long PM chat with Maxila (I just haven't time right now) without all the distraction of the other open thread exchanges. He has the modern improved EMPIRICALLY SUPPORTABLE understanding of what 'time' really is down pat. Go on, PM him and get the conversation going without all your old hat versions and impressions getting in the way, and you will twig to what he and others have been trying to tell you re 'time'. Good luck. :)



There is the description and there is that which is described, they are not the same thing. Our arbitrary unit is describing actual time's passage in a standardized way. You can change the description, but it does not change that being described, it still exists, often requiring conversion tables between the different descriptions. Einstein said any natural process, no matter how periodic or erratic, is sufficient to be used to describe time. I think pulsars would be good candidates, myself.


There IS NO MAP in your philosophical idea of 'duration irrespective of events/matter/motion. You conflate THAT philosophical notion/concept with the event-dependent DERIVED physical 'time' convenience. And that is leading you to make cross-purpose explanations which conflate your two totally different concepts of UNREAL philosophy-duration and ABSTRACT physically-derived-time. You will never see the wood for the trees if you keep that up, mate. So until you realize that and go with the reality sense/concepts, then no amount of argument from reality will get through your impressions based on such subtle but strong cross-contaminated 'understandings' about 'time'.


But time isn't event-related, it passes whether there are events or not. It is event MEASURED, and whether we can measure it or not does not affect it's existence, only our ability to measure it. Einstein said time would pass in spacetime even if events in an area only happen once every billion years or so, or ever. Space and time are dimensions built into the Universe, our silly definitions have no effect on it's passage and events can only dilate time. You still haven't addressed the slope.
Again with the purely PHILOSOPHICAL concept of 'duration/existence' even in the absence of universe/events. Until you lose that unwitting conflation/confusion, no amount of argument will get through your longstanding misunderstandings about 'time' which was inculcated into you long ago and based half in philosophicals and half in abstractions about 'time'.

I just haven't any more time to spare for this cross-purpose exchanges for now, mate. So I'll leave it at that and trust that you will take time to rethink upon what I and others (especially Maxila, what a Trojan! Hi Maxila. :) ) have pointed out in reality empirical terms about 'time'. Cheers!
 
See the gif?
What we do not see in any of your work is the math. Just do one simple example. If your theory really is Einstein's theory, we should be able to see that directly. Einstein was able to do his work without gifs, but not without mathematics.
 
Sorry PhysBang, but I can't use maths to show you that the speed of light isn't constant. I can't use maths to show you that there isn't any time flowing through a pair of optical clocks, and that the lower clock goes slower because the light goes slower. But if you think you can use math to show that the hare and the tortoise are moving at the same speed, be my guest:

attachment.php
 
Back
Top