An amount of evidence that would convince a jury of reasonable people.
By the courts. But science actually operates at the lower standard: "preponderance of evidence". Whatever the evidence most strongly indicates, that's what we run with. Fraggle sets the standard a little higher, probably to ward off religious nuts.
Before the evidence is published, the scientific method has usually run its course. Depends on the specific issue being researched. After that the scientific method iterates endlessly, constantly retesting the published work, and building new science around it . . . depending on how useful the result is.
That's because you either have no clue what you're talking about, or else you're here to antagonize people who do.
There can be no scientific method without separating the known facts from the unknowns. That's where "beyond a reasonable doubt" comes in. I would just say "knowledge" but since the ICR folks here deny that science can convey knowledge, Fraggle counters that it's "beyond a reasonable doubt", which is true enough for anything actually known.
It's just like like trying to have any reasonably intelligent discussion with you, without you tripping on facts commonly covered by about a high school level of education. For whatever reason, you present the persona of a person who either dropped out of school or quit and then decided to post claims on a science board anyway, knowing full well that educated people will take issue with you whenever you screw up. What's up with that, anyway? Why can't you just try to follow the intent of the site rules, which is to stick to facts and evidence, cut the bullshit to a minimum and try to make these either learning or teaching experiences, or else just to share ideas with people freely, in the spirit of good will, rather than bickering over pointless trivia?
The point is this: you know, beyond a reasonable doubt, that educated people post here. You see people talking about their experience in fields of science. Yet you continually harp on the adequacy of science, the scientific method, the published facts, evidence and theories, as if you know them better than experts. Why bother with all of that? Isn't it simpler just to ask questions and take whatever answers you're given and go off and do some fact checking on your own, and then bring back actual evidence by way of cites if you disagree, rather than arguing with people who are more qualified than you and better equipped to call a spade a spade?