A vacuum is by definition a space entirely devoid of matter, so one might naturally assume that objects in a vacuum do not encounter friction. However, quantum physics implies that the vacuum is not actually completely empty, but is rather filled with ghostly particles wavering in and out of existence. Now astrophysicists suggest that analyzing rapidly spinning dead stars might reveal whether or not “quantum vacuum friction” exists.
The uncertainty principle suggests that the universe can borrow energy from nothing for a short amount of time in the form of “virtual” particles that fleetingly blip in and out of existence in a vacuum. Those particles can potentially exert an influence on their surroundings. Previous research suggested that friction from such virtual particles should slow down spinning objects. The recent findings suggest that one could detect such quantum vacuum friction by looking at rapidly spinning dead stars known as pulsars.
http://blog.pnas.org/2016/08/journal-club-friction-of-the-vacuum-could-slow-the-rotation-of-pulsars/
Paper: http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/97/pdf
The uncertainty principle suggests that the universe can borrow energy from nothing for a short amount of time in the form of “virtual” particles that fleetingly blip in and out of existence in a vacuum. Those particles can potentially exert an influence on their surroundings. Previous research suggested that friction from such virtual particles should slow down spinning objects. The recent findings suggest that one could detect such quantum vacuum friction by looking at rapidly spinning dead stars known as pulsars.
http://blog.pnas.org/2016/08/journal-club-friction-of-the-vacuum-could-slow-the-rotation-of-pulsars/
Paper: http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/97/pdf